MN551 Final 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
2024/2025 CORRECT ALREADY PASSED
A 32-year-old man is complaining of burning, itching, photophobia, and severe pain in his right eye after
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swimming in the ocean. To determine that the eye condition is corneal rather than a conjunctival disease,
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which of the following would be the distinguishing symptom?
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A.) Burning I;,
B.) Itching I;,
c.) photophobia
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D.) Severe pain - (correct answer) -Severe pain
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A woman with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has been ordered by her primary care provider to have a
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hemoglobin A1C test for the first time. The woman states, "I don't see why you want to test my blood cells
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when it's sugar that's the problem." What aspect of physiology will underlie the care provider's response to
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the patient?
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A.)The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose levels over the life of the
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cell.
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B)Hemoglobin synthesis by the bone marrow is inversely proportionate to blood glucose levels, with low A1C
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indicating hyperglycemia.
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C)The high metabolic needs of red cells and their affinity for free glucose indicate the amount of glucose that
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has been available over 6 to 12 weeks.
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D)Insulin is a glucose receptor agonist on the hemoglobin molecule, and high glucose suggests low insulin
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levels. - (correct answer) -The amount of glucose attached to A1C cells reflects the average blood glucose
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levels over the life of the cell.
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A 30 year old man with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes is aware of the multiple effects that insulin has on his
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metabolism. Which of the following physiological processes are actions of insulin? - (correct answer) -
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Facilitating triglycerides from glucose in fat cells I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
A three-year-old girl has just been diagnosed with type 1A diabetes and her parents are currently receiving
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education from the diabetes education nurse at the hospital where their daughter is receiving treatment. How
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can the nurse best explain the etiology of their daughter's health problem to her parents?
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A.) Environmental and lifestyle factors are known to play a part in the fact that her pancreas secretes and
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withholds insulin at the wrong times."
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B.) "This tendency to produce insufficient amounts of insulin is likely something that she inherited."
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,C.) "It's not known exactly why your daughter has completely stopped making insulin, and treatment will
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consist of your rigidly controlling her diet."
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D.) "The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has destroyed the cells in herpancreas that
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produce insulin - (correct answer) -"The problem that underlies her diabetes is that her own body has
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destroyed the cells in her pancreas that produce insulin."
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Which of the following statements best captures an aspect of the role of hormones in the body?
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A.) Some chemical substances can function as hormones or be integrated with the central and peripheral
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nervous systems.
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B)Hormones directly initiate many of the processes that contribute to homeostasis. I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
C)Control of body processes is ensured by the fact that a single hormone can only exert one effect on one
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specific system or tissue.
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D)Each hormone that exists in the body is produced by only one specific endocrine gland. - (correct answer) -
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Some chemical substances can function as either hormones or neurotransmitters.
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What does a high level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate?
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A.) Thyroid noduleI;, I;,
B.) Hyperthyroidism
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C.) Myxedema I;,
D.) Hypothyroidism - (correct answer) -Hypothyroidism
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Which of the following statements best captures the role of the adrenal cortex in maintaining homeostasis?
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Question 1 options: I;, I;,
A. Normal sexual function is dependent on adequate adrenal cortical function.
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B. Redundant, secondary production of adrenal cortical hormones can compensate for the loss of the adrenal
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glands.
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C. The adrenal cortical hormones are primarily steroids and sex hormones.
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D. The adrenal cortex is responsible for the production of epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are part of
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the sympathetic nervous system. - (correct answer) -The adrenal cortical hormones are primarily steroids and
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sex hormones.
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A three-year-old girl has been diagnosed with amblyopia. Which of the following pathophysiologic processes
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is most likely to underlie her health problem?
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Question 2 options: I;, I;,
a. The child may have a neural pathway disorder
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,b. She may have been born with infantile cataracts
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c. The girl may have chronic bacterial conjunctivitis
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d. The child may have a congenital deficit of rods and/or cones - (correct answer) -She may have been born
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with infantile cataracts
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Which of the following statements best describes an aspect of the normal process of glucose metabolism?
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Question 3 options: I;, I;,
a. Glucose that exceeds metabolic needs is converted and stored by the liver.
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b. Blood glucose levels are kept in a steady state by selective excretion and reuptake by the kidneys.
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c. Ingested glucose that is not needed for cellular metabolism circulates in the blood until it is taken up to
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meet cellular needs.
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d. Blood glucose levels are primarily a result of the timing, quantity, and character of food intake. - (correct
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answer) -Glucose that exceeds metabolic needs is converted and stored by the liver.
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A 60-year-old man has presented to his nurse practitioner because of an earache that has become progressively
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more painful in recent days. After giving his history and having an examination with an otoscope, the man
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has been diagnosed with otitis externa. Which of the nurse practitioner's following statements to the man is
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most accurate?
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Question 4 options: I;, I;,
a. "This likely happened because your ears aren't draining like they should, but antibiotics that you'll put in
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your ears will resolve this."
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b. "I'll prescribe some ear drops for you, and in the meantime it's important not to use ear swabs."
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c. "I'm going to instill some warm water into your ear to flush out debris and bacteria."
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d. "You'll need to avoid getting any water in your ear until you finish your course of antibiotic pills." -
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(correct answer) -"I'll prescribe some ear drops for you, and in the meantime it's important not to use ear
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swabs."
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A 4-year-old boy has had otitis media with effusion (OME) for several weeks and his condition has recently
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progressed to acute otitis media (AOM). Which of the following factors could have contributed to his AOM?
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Question 5 options: I;, I;,
Exposure to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
Sensorineural deficits in the auditory control apparatus I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
Accumulation of cerumen in the external acoustic meatus I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;, I;,
A deficiency in immunoglobulin G
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Reflux of fluid from the boy's nose into his middle ear - (correct answer) -Reflux of fluid from the boy's nose
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, into his middle ear
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During descent, an airplane passenger is complaining that his "ears are plugged." What aspect of the structure
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and function of the ear best accounts for the passenger's complaint?
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Question 6 options: I;, I;,
Air must be able to flow between the middle ear and the nasopharynx in order to accommodate pressure
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changes.
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The tympanic membrane is selectively permeable in order to accommodate pressure changes and this capacity
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is often impaired during upper respiratory infections.
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The eustachian tubes must remain patent to equalize pressure between the middle ear and inner ear.
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The inner ear adjusts its volume in response to atmospheric pressure, increasing during low pressure and
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decreasing in high pressure. - (correct answer) -Air must be able to flow between the middle ear and the
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nasopharynx in order to accommodate pressure changes.
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Following the identification of low levels of T3 and T4 coupled with the presence of a goiter, a 28-year-old
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female has been diagnosed with Hashimoto thyroiditis. In light of this diagnosis, which of the following
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assessment results would constitute an unexpected finding?
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Question 7 options: I;, I;,
Increased white cell count and audible crackles on chest auscultation
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Coarse, dry skin and hair with decreased sweat production
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Recent weight gain despite a loss of appetite and chronic fatigue
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The presence of myxedema in the woman's face and extremities - (correct answer) -Increased white cell count
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and audible crackles on chest auscultation
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A patient with a new diagnosis of an endocrine disorder is unclear about how the body can control the levels
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of different hormones over time. Which of the following statements most accurately underlies the dominant
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regulation process of hormone levels in the body?
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Question 8 options: I;, I;,
The pituitary gland is genetically programmed to stimulate and inhibit hormone production and/or release
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based on needs at different points in the life cycle.
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The hypothalamus ensures that hormone levels correspond accurately to the diurnal cycle.
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With input from various sensors, hormone production and release are adjusted based on existing hormone
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levels.
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A positive feedback cycle ensures that stable levels of hormones exist in the body over time. - (correct
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answer) -With input from various sensors, hormone production and release are adjusted based on existing
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hormone levels.
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A care aide at a long-term care facility has informed a resident's nurse practitioner that the 80-year-old
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