Exam (elaborations)

BSN 246 HESI Review Questions with Correct Answers 2024 Graded A

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BSN 246 HESI

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Nightingale College

Hypokalemia appearance on EKG -Answer- - U waves - inverted T waves - depressed ST segment Potassium chloride intravenously is prescribed for a client with heart failure experiencing hypokalemia. Which actions should the nurse take to plan for preparation and administration of the potassium? ...

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BSN 246 HESI Review

BSN 246 HESI Review Questions with
Correct Answers 2024 Graded A
Hypokalemia appearance on EKG -Answer- ✔- U waves
- inverted T waves
- depressed ST segment

Potassium chloride intravenously is prescribed for a client with heart failure experiencing
hypokalemia. Which actions should the nurse take to plan for preparation and
administration of the potassium?
Select all that apply.
1. Obtain an intravenous (IV) infusion pump.
2. Monitor urine output during administration.
3. Prepare the medication for bolus administration.
4. Monitor the IV site for signs of infiltration or phlebitis.
5. Ensure that the medication is diluted in the appropriate volume of fluid.
6. Ensure that the bag is labeled so that it reads the volume of potassium in the solution.
-Answer- ✔1. Obtain an intravenous (IV) infusion pump.
2. Monitor urine output during administration.
4. Monitor the IV site for signs of infiltration or phlebitis.
5. Ensure that the medication is diluted in the appropriate volume of fluid.
6. Ensure that the bag is labeled so that it reads the volume of potassium in the solution.

Potassium chloride administered intravenously must always be diluted in IV fluid and
infused via an infusion pump. Potassium chloride is never given by bolus (IV push).
Giving potassium chloride by IV push can result in cardiac arrest. The nurse should
ensure that the potassium is diluted in the appropriate amount of diluent or fluid. The IV
bag containing the potassium chloride should always be labeled with the volume of

BSN 246 HESI Review

,BSN 246 HESI Review

potassium it contains. The IV site is monitored closely, because potassium chloride is
irritating to the veins and there is risk of phlebitis. In addition, the nurse should monitor
for infiltration. The nurse monitors urinary output during administration and contacts
the primary health care provider if the urinary output is less than 30 mL/hr.

The nurse is assessing a client with a lactose intolerance disorder for a suspected
diagnosis of hypocalcemia. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to note
in the client?
1. Twitching
2. Hypoactive bowel sounds
3. Negative Trousseau's sign

4. Hypoactive deep tendon reflexes -Answer- ✔1. Twitching

: A client with lactose intolerance is at risk for developing hypocalcemia, because food
products that contain calcium also contain lactose. The normal serum calcium level is 9
to 10.5 mg/dL (2.25 to 2.75 mmol/L). A serum calcium level lower than 9 mg/dL (2.25
mmol/L) indicates hypocalcemia. Signs of hypocalcemia include paresthesias followed by
numbness, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, and a 267 positive Trousseau's or
Chvostek's sign. Additional signs of hypocalcemia include increased neuromuscular
excitability, muscle cramps, twitching, tetany, seizures, irritability, and anxiety.
Gastrointestinal symptoms include increased gastric motility, hyperactive bowel sounds,
abdominal cramping, and diarrhea.

. The nurse is caring for a client with Crohn's disease who has a calcium level of 8 mg/dL
(2 mmol/L). Which patterns would the nurse watch for on the electrocardiogram? Select
all that apply.
1. U waves
2. Widened T wave
3. Prominent U wave
4. Prolonged QT interval

BSN 246 HESI Review

, BSN 246 HESI Review

5. Prolonged ST segment -Answer- ✔4. Prolonged QT interval
5. Prolonged ST segment

A client with Crohn's disease is at risk for hypocalcemia. The normal serum calcium level
is 9 to 10.5 mg/dL (2.25 to 2.75 mmol/L). A serum calcium level lower than 9 mg/dL
(2.25 mmol/L) indicates hypocalcemia. Electrocardiographic changes that occur in a
client with hypocalcemia include a prolonged QT interval and prolonged ST segment. A
shortened ST segment and a widened T wave occur with hypercalcemia. ST depression
and prominent U waves occur with hypokalemia.

The nurse reviews the electrolyte results of a client with chronic kidney disease and
notes that the potassium level is 5.7 mEq/L (5.7 mmol/L). Which patterns would the
nurse watch for on the cardiac monitor as a result of the laboratory value? Select all that
apply.
1. ST depression
2. Prominent U wave
3. Tall peaked T waves
4. Prolonged ST segment

5. Widened QRS complexes -Answer- ✔3. Tall peaked T waves
5. Widened QRS complexes

The client with chronic kidney disease is at risk for hyperkalemia. The normal potassium
level is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L (3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L). A serum potassium level greater than 5.0
mEq/L (5.0 mmol/L) indicates hyperkalemia. Electrocardiographic changes associated
with hyperkalemia include flat P waves, prolonged PR intervals, widened QRS complexes,
and tall peaked T waves. ST depression and a prominent U wave occurs in hypokalemia.
A prolonged ST segment occurs in hypocalcemia.

The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who is receiving high doses of a diuretic.
On assessment, the nurse notes that the client has flat neck veins, generalized muscle

BSN 246 HESI Review

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BSN 246 HESI Review Questions with Correct Answers 2024 Graded A

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