PHM 520 Final Exam Practice Questions With Verified Answers
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Course
PHM 520
Institution
PHM 520
PHM 520 Final Exam Practice Questions
With Verified Answers
What type of reactions are the most common cause of drug incompatibility and why? -
answeracid-base reactions because precipitation of nonionized drug forms
approximately how many commonly used drugs are incompatible or unstable when a...
PHM 520 Final Exam Practice Questions
With Verified Answers
What type of reactions are the most common cause of drug incompatibility and why? -
answer✔acid-base reactions because precipitation of nonionized drug forms
approximately how many commonly used drugs are incompatible or unstable when added or
combined with usual fluids or agents?
a. 10%
b. 30%
c. 50%
d. 70% - answer✔b. 30%
an undesirable reaction occurring between a drug and a container, solution, or another drug is
called? - answer✔incompatibility
alteration of drug effect due to the influence of another substance is called? - answer✔drug
interactions
where do interactions occur? - answer✔inside the body
where does incompatibility occur? - answer✔in a fluid contianer or infusion line
are interactions or are incompatibilities visible? - answer✔incompatibilities
what type of incompatibility results from the modification of pharmacological effect from prior
concomitant administration of other drugs? - answer✔therapeutic incompatibilty
what mechanism of therapeutic incompatibility involves the effect of a drug on another from the
point of view of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion? - answer✔pharmacokinetic
what mechanism of therapeutic incompatibility is related to pharmacological activity of the
interacting drugs such as synergism/antagonism? - answer✔pharmacodynamic
pharmacodynamic is what the _______ does to the _______ - answer✔drug, body
pharmacokinetic is what the _______ does to the ________ - answer✔body, drug
an interaction that results in change in color, odor, taste, viscosity, and morphology is what type
of incompatibility? - answer✔physical incompatibility
physical incompatibilities usually refer to? - answer✔precipitation or phase separation
what are factors responsible for physical incompatibility? - answer✔pH value and buffer
capacity, solubility and precipitation, complex formation, adsorption
what effect will ingestion of antacids over a period of 24 hours have on urinary pH? -
answer✔increase pH
are acidic drugs excreted faster or slower when urinary pH is alkaline? - answer✔faster
acidic drugs will diffuse back into the blood from the urine when the urine is acidic or alkaline? -
answer✔acidic
interactions between ionized drugs will form _______ with _______ charges -
answer✔complexes, reduced
cation-anion interactions result in? - answer✔formation of relatively insoluble precipitate
ion pair formation results in? - answer✔burying of charges
what is the interaction between a metal atom or ion and another species called? -
answer✔chelation
the attachment of a molecule to a surface is called? - answer✔adsorption
what type of incompatibility results in change in chemical properties of pharmaceutical dosage
form? - answer✔chemical incompatibility
hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction, racemization are types of what incompatibility? -
answer✔chemical
which types of solubilization methods use a means of entrapment?
a, b, and c are all hydrophilic and are not as likely to cross the membrane since membrane
permeability favors more lipophilic drugs
which equation describes change in concentration with time at a specific location by taking into
account the cross sectional area and partition coefficient?
a) Fick's first law
b) Fick's second law
c) Noyes-Whitney law
d) angle of repose - answer✔*b) Fick's second law
a is incorrect because Fick's first law describes the amount of drug flowing through a unit area of
barrier in unit time, and doesn't take into account cross sectional area or partition coefficient
c is incorrect because it describes dissolution rate
d is incorrect because it describes flow properties of a powder
which solubilization process involves the use of cyclodextrin, which is an oligosaccharide with a
hydrophobic cavity?
a) complexation
b) hydrotrophy
c) pH adjustment
d) crystal modification - answer✔*a) complexation
b involves adding a large amount of a second solute to increase solubility
c is used to prevent precipitation of drug
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