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ADVANCED PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ESSENTIALS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE 2ND EDITION TKACS TEST BANK
ADVANCED PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ESSENTIALS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE 2ND EDITION TKACS TEST BANK
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ADVANCED PHYSIOLOGY ANDPATHOPHYSIOLOGY ESSENTIALS FOR CLINICAL
PRACTICE 2ND EDITION TKACS TEST BANK
,CH: 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICAL PRACTICE
1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
A) fever.
B) fatigue.
C) redness.
D) granuloma.
CORRECT ANSWER:-C
2. The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes localized:
A) bleeding.
B) congestion.
C) pale skin.
D) coolness.
CORRECT ANSWER:-B
3. The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in great
numbers?
A) Basophils
B) Lymphocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) Platelets
CORRECT ANSWER:-C
4. The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the initial
step in the process?
A) Engulfment
B) Intracellular killing
, C) Antigen margination
D) Recognition and adherence
CORRECT ANSWER:-D
5. Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capillary
permeability and pain?
A) Serotonin
B) Histamine
C) Bradykinin
D) Nitric oxide
CORRECT ANSWER:-C
6. Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of the
following exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
A) Serous
B) Fibrinous
C) Suppurative
D) Membranous
CORRECT ANSWER:-D
7. The acute-phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset
of inflammation and includes:
A) fever and lethargy.
B) decreased C-reactive protein.
C) positive nitrogen balance.
D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
CORRECT ANSWER:-A
8. In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized by
which of the following phenomena?
A) Profuse fibrinous exudation
, B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis
D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages
CORRECT ANSWER:-D
9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin-1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood
lead to the release of endogenous pyrogens that:
A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia.
C) block viral replication in cells.
D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
CORRECT ANSWER:-B
10 An older adult client has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
. to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammation
in the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events will
occur during the vascular stage of the clients inflammation?
A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces
B) Chemotaxis
C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium
D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris
CORRECT ANSWER:-A
11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
. experiencing chronic inflammation?
A) A client who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
B) A client who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
C) A client who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
D) A client who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
CORRECT ANSWER:-D
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