BIO112 Spring Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update 2024 Already Passed
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BIO112 Spring 2024 Ex 1
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BIO112 Spring 2024 Ex 1
BIO112 Spring Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update 2024 Already Passed
radiometric dating - Answers general approach used to determine the age of specimens using the rate of decay of radioactive isotopes
radiocarbon dating - Answers a chemical analysis used to determine the age of organic ma...
BIO112 Spring Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update 2024 Already Passed
radiometric dating - Answers general approach used to determine the age of specimens using the rate of
decay of radioactive isotopes
radiocarbon dating - Answers a chemical analysis used to determine the age of organic materials based
on their content of the radioisotope carbon-14
potassium-40 dating - Answers radiometric dating method often used in the assessment of volcanic
intrusions in sedimentary layers. It is based on measurement of the product of the radioactive decay of
an isotope of potassium (K) into argon (Ar).
half-life - Answers length of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay
punctuated equilibrium - Answers Pattern of evolution in which long stable periods are interrupted by
brief periods of more rapid change
Cambrian explosion - Answers A burst of evolutionary origins when most of the major body plans of
animals appeared in a relatively brief time in geologic history; recorded in the fossil record about 545 to
525 million years ago.
macroevolution - Answers Evolutionary change that produces new species
microevolution - Answers Evolutionary change/adaptation below the species level; change in the allele
frequencies in a population over generations.
Linnaeus - Answers Father of taxonomy
Lamarck - Answers Proposed theory that organisms pass on traits they acquire in their lifetime.
Cuvier - Answers catastrophism: believed that the extinction of species was caused by catastrophic
events such as floods
Lyell and Hutton - Answers scientists who said the world was old and slowly, but constantly changing
Malthus - Answers an English economist and demographer; suggested populations have a potential for
increase that exceeds the actual rate of increase, and the resources for the support of increase are
limited
descent with modification - Answers process by which descendants of ancestral organisms adapt to
different/changing habitats and accumulate structural and functional adaptations
selective breeding - Answers The process of humans intentionally selecting a few organisms with desired
traits to serve as parents of the next generation, over time producing organisms with altered
characteristics
, species - Answers a group of related organisms sharing a distinctive form. If sexually reproducing,
individuals can interbreed to produce viable, fertile offspring.
vestigial structures - Answers remnant of a structure that may have had an important function in a
species' ancestors, but is suggested to have no clear function in the modern species.
homology - Answers Similarity in structural, embryological or DNA or RNA sequence characteristics
attributed to shared ancestry.
anatomical homology - Answers similar body structures among different species attributed to a common
ancestor with that feature
developmental homology - Answers similarities in the development of embryos between different
species that share a common ancestor
genetic homology - Answers Similarities in DNA sequences or amino acid sequences that are due to
inheritance from a common ancestor.
analogy - Answers similar structures that are proposed to have arisen due to similar selective pressures
rather than inheritance from a common ancestor with that structure
morphological species concept - Answers characterizes a species by body shape and other structural
features
biological species concept - Answers Definition of a species as a group of populations whose members
have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring, but do not produce
viable, fertile offspring with members of other such groups.
ecological species concept - Answers A definition of species in terms of ecological niche, the sum of how
members of the species interact with the nonliving and living parts of their environment.
evolutionary species concept - Answers Defines species according to evolutionary history and common
ancestors, distinctive lineages in phylogenetic trees
reproductive isolation - Answers Separation of species or populations so that they cannot interbreed
and produce fertile offspring
prezygotic reproductive barriers - Answers factors that prevent mating or fertilization between species
postzygotic reproductive barriers - Answers factors that prevent the hybrid zygote from developing into
a viable, fertile adult
radiometric dating - Answers general approach used to determine the age of specimens using the rate of
decay of radioactive isotopes
radiocarbon dating - Answers a chemical analysis used to determine the age of organic materials based
on their content of the radioisotope carbon-14
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