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Valvular Disorders Practice Questions and Answers Verified 2024
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Valvular Disorders Practice Questions and Answers Verified 2024
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Valvular Disorders Practice Questionsand Answers Verified 2024
A client experiencing palpitations is diagnosed with mitral valve prolapse after having an
echocardiogram. Which teachings will the nurse provide to the client about this
condition? Select all that apply.
A. Eliminate alcohol from the diet.
B. Abstain from all tobacco products.
C. Ask for antibiotics before dental procedures.
D. Nitroglycerin will be needed to treat chest pain.
E. Expect to take anticoagulants throughout the lifespan. - ANSWER-A. Eliminate
alcohol from the diet.
B. Abstain from all tobacco products.
Rationale: Medical management of mitral valve prolapse is directed at controlling
symptoms. If palpitations occur, the client may be advised to eliminate alcohol from the
diet and to stop the use of all tobacco products.
A client is admitted with aortic regurgitation. Which medication classification is
contraindicated because they can cause bradycardia and decrease ventricular
contractility?
A. Ace inhibitors
B. Beta blockers
C. Nitrates
D. Calcium channel blockers - ANSWER-D. Calcium channel blockers
Rationale: The calcium channel blockers diltiazem and verapamil are contraindicated for
clients with aortic regurgitation because they decrease ventricular contractility and may
cause bradycardia.
A client was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of aortic regurgitation. On
assessment, what positive indicators for the disease process will the nurse note? Select
all that apply.
A. Visible neck vein pulsations
B. Shortened pulse pressure
C. The pulse has a rapid upstroke, then collapses
D. Systolic pressure in the lower extremities is lower than in the upper extremities
E. The presence of a diastolic murmur - ANSWER-A. Visible neck vein pulsations
C. The pulse has a rapid upstroke, then collapses
E. The presence of a diastolic murmur
, Rationale: Pulse pressure widens and systolic blood pressure in the lower extremities is
higher than in the upper extremities as a result of progressive left ventricular failure.
A nurse is assessing a client with aortic stenosis. What type of murmur will the nurse
expect to hear?
A. high-pitched and blowing.
B. loud and rough during systole.
C. low-pitched, rumbling during diastole.
D. low-pitched and blowing. - ANSWER-B. loud and rough during systole.
Rationale: An aortic murmur is loud and rough and is heard over the aortic area. The
murmur in aortic insufficiency is high-pitched and blowing and is heard at the third or
fourth intercostal space at the left sternal border. Mitral stenosis has a low-pitched
rumbling murmur heard at the apex. Mitral insufficiency has a high-pitched, blowing
murmur at the apex. There is no condition that has a low-pitched, blowing murmur.
A nurse is assessing a patient who has had valvular heart disease for more than 15
years. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse expect? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
B. Orthopnea
C. Cough
D. Pericardial friction rub
E. Pulsus paradoxus - ANSWER-A. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
B. Orthopnea
C. Cough
Rationale: Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, orthopnea, and coughing occur in long-term
valvular disease. Pericardial friction rub is a sound auscultated in clients with
pericarditis, not valvular disease. Pulsus paradoxus is a marked decrease in amplitude
during inspiration, a sign of cardiac tamponade.
A nurse is developing a care plan for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) admitted to the hospital for the second time this year with pneumonia.
Which nursing diagnoses would be appropriate for this client? Select all that apply.
A. Ineffective airway clearance related to inhalation of toxins
B. Activity intolerance related to oxygen supply and demand
C. Impaired gas exchange related to ventilation-perfusion inequality
D. Ineffective health management related to fatigue
E. Deficient knowledge regarding self-care related to preventable complications -
ANSWER-C. Impaired gas exchange related to ventilation-perfusion inequality
E. Deficient knowledge regarding self-care related to preventable complications
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