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Study Facts AVCA Study Guide with
Complete Solutions
Equine Spinal Cord Length - Answer✔✔-Foramen magnum to L3
Canine spinal Cord Length - Answer✔✔-Foramen magnum to L5/L6
Feline spinal cord length - Answer✔✔-Foramen magnum to sacrum
Equine Spinal Nerve Formula - Answer✔✔-8 cervical, 18 thoracic, 6 lumbar, 5 sacral, 5 coccygeal (42
pairs total)
Canine Spinal Nerve Formula - Answer✔✔-8 cervical, 13 thoracic, 7 lumbar, 3 sacral, 5 coccygeal (36
pairs)
Motor fibers function - Answer✔✔-regulate muscular contraction for movement
Sensory Fibers function - Answer✔✔-Vibration, Pain, Temp, Proprioceptive
Autonomic fibers function - Answer✔✔-Fibers from sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system
Spinal nerve passes through IVF and divides into how many branches - Answer✔✔-3 major
Dorsal Branch function - Answer✔✔-Motor fibers to dorsal musculature, maintains rigid horizontal
support and cutaneous fibers to dermatomes
Ventral Branch function - Answer✔✔-Motor fibers to ventral and lateral muscles of trunk and muscles of
extremities
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Visceral Branch function - Answer✔✔-Autonomic nervous system supply to thoracic and abdominal
organs, motor and sensory fibers
Ventral Root - Answer✔✔-Joins lumbosacral plexus and combines with sympathetic rami from lumbar
region
What type of nerve fibers are pelvic or splanchnic nerves - Answer✔✔-Parasympathetic
Where do the pelvic splanchnic nerves exit in canine? - Answer✔✔-S1 & S2
Where do the pelvic splanchnic nerves exit in the equine? - Answer✔✔-S3, S4, S5
pelvic splanchnic nerves form the pelvic plexus which controls? - Answer✔✔-Peristalsis and tone in the
large intestine, contraction of depressor muscle and relaxation of trigone of the bladder, erection of the
penis and relaxation of anal sphincter
Medial branch of the dorsal root controls? - Answer✔✔-Sacral and coccygeal muscles
Lateral branch of the dorsal root responsible for? - Answer✔✔-Cutaneous nerves
lumbosacral plexus in the canine spinal roots are? - Answer✔✔-L6-S3
Lumbosacral plexus in the equine spinal roots are? - Answer✔✔-L5-S2
What are the branches of the Lumbosacral plexus? - Answer✔✔-Sciatic, Cranial Gluteal, Caudal Gluteal
nerves, caudal cutaneous femoral nerve, pudendal nerve
What are the branches of the sciatic nerve? - Answer✔✔-Fibular & Tibial nerve
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What muscles does the sciatic nerve innervate from lumbosacral plexus? - Answer✔✔-Semimebranosus,
semitendinosus, biceps femoris
Sciatic nerve supplies the skin on what side of the leg? - Answer✔✔-Lateral
Sciatic nerve exits from what roots in the Equine? - Answer✔✔-l5, l6, S1, S2
Sciatic nerve exits from what roots in the Canine? - Answer✔✔-L6, l7, s1, s2
Cranial Gluteal Nerve supplies what muscles? - Answer✔✔-Gluteus profundus, gluteus medius, tensor
fascia lata, piriformis
What roots does the Cranial Gluteal nerve come from in the Equine? - Answer✔✔-l6, S1
What roots does the Cranial Gluteal nerve come from in the canine - Answer✔✔-L6, l7
What muscles do the Caudal Gluteal Nerve supply - Answer✔✔-Gluteus superficially, gluteus medius,
piriformis
What roots does the caudal gluteal nerve come from in the equine - Answer✔✔-S1, S2
What roots does the caudal gluteal nerve come from in the canine - Answer✔✔-L7, S1
Caudal Cutaneous Femoral nerve supplies? - Answer✔✔-Skin around anus, caudal and lateral thigh
Caudal Cutaneous Femoral nerve exits what segments? - Answer✔✔-S1-S3 Equine, S1-S2 Canine
What does the pudendal nerve supply? - Answer✔✔-External genitalia, Urethra, Bladder, perianal
muscles
What nerve roots does the pudendal nerve originate from - Answer✔✔-S4 & s5 equine, S1-S3 canine
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Sensory information from the environment is transmitted to the cord by the? - Answer✔✔-dorsal root
Information to end-organs is transmitted via - Answer✔✔-Ventral root
T or F there are synapses in the dorsal root ganglion? - Answer✔✔-False
T or F Cell bodies of sensory neurons lie int he Dorsal root ganglion - Answer✔✔-True
Cell bodies of motor neurons are located? - Answer✔✔-Ventral horn of the grey matter
T or F Autonomic nervous system is strictly a motor system? - Answer✔✔-True
Cell bodies of the autonomics are located where? - Answer✔✔-Intermediolateral cell column of the grey
matter
What does each autonomic motor neuron synapse with before ending on a final organ (gland, blood
vessel, etc) - Answer✔✔-Post ganglionic neuron
Where are cell bodies of sympathetic nervous system located? - Answer✔✔-T1-L4/L5
Sympathetic nervous system cause the adrenal medulla to secrete? - Answer✔✔-Epi or norepi
Parasympathetic neurons are located? - Answer✔✔-Brain and IML S2-S4
Major muscle attachments to wing of the ilium - Answer✔✔-Gluteus medius and gluteus profundus
Major muscle attachment to tuber sacrale - Answer✔✔-Gluteus medius
Tuber sacrale is the adjusting contact point for what technique? - Answer✔✔-PI ilium
Tuber sacrale is the - Answer✔✔-dorsal iliac spine,
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