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Exam (elaborations)

Pharmacology

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Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs - ANSWER Drugs that block or inhibit the actions of acetylcholine (ACh) in the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). Also known as anticholinergics, parasympatholytics, and antimuscarinic drugs Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs:Drug Effects - ANSWER Cardiovascular: Small dose...

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  • October 3, 2024
  • 8
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Pharmacology
  • Pharmacology
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pharismusyoka99
Pharmacology: Chapter 21-Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs Week 4 lecture ICHS

ALL REVISION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (GRADED

100%) (2024 UPDATE)

Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs - ANSWER Drugs that block or inhibit the actions of

acetylcholine (ACh) in the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).

Also known as anticholinergics, parasympatholytics, and antimuscarinic drugs


Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs:Drug Effects - ANSWER Cardiovascular: Small doses:

decrease heart rate. Large doses: increase heart rate




Central nervous system (CNS): Small doses: decrease muscle rigidity and tremors. Large doses:

drowsiness, disorientation, hallucinations


Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs:Drug Effects (Cont.) - ANSWER Eye: Dilated pupils

(mydriasis). Decreased accommodation caused by paralysis of ciliary muscles (cycloplegia)




Gastrointestinal (GI): Relax smooth muscle tone of GI tract

Decrease intestinal and gastric secretions

Decrease motility and peristalsis


Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs:Drug Effects - ANSWER Genitourinary (GU): Relaxed

detrusor muscle. Increased constriction of internal sphincter. Result: urinary retention

, Glandular: Decreased bronchial secretions, salivation, sweating




Respiratory: Decreased bronchial secretions. Dilated bronchial airways


Indications: Central Nervous System - ANSWER Decreasing muscle rigidity and muscle

tremors: Parkinson's disease. Drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions such as those associated with

antipsychotic drugs


Indications: Respiratory - ANSWER Blocking the cholinergic stimulation of the PSNS

allows unopposed action of the SNS.

Results: Decreased secretions from the nose, mouth, pharynx, and bronchi. Relaxed smooth

muscles in the bronchi and bronchioles. Decreased airway resistance. Bronchodilation


Indications: Gastrointestinal - ANSWER The PNS controls gastric secretions and smooth

muscles that produce gastric motility:




Blockade of PNS results in: Decreased secretions. Relaxation of smooth muscle. Decreased GI

motility and peristalsis


Indications: Gastrointestinal (Cont.) - ANSWER GI drugs are used to treat: Irritable bowel

disease. GI hypersecretory states.


Indications: Genitourinary - ANSWER Reflex neurogenic bladder.

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