FS Fundamentals of Surveying Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025
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FS Fundamentals of Surveying
Institution
FS Fundamentals Of Surveying
FS Fundamentals of Surveying Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025
How to figure out horizontal distance with stadia hairs - ANSWERSSubtract lower stadia hair reading from upper, then multiply by 100.
What is a US Survey foot? (on formula sheet already) - ANSWERSExpressed as a fraction: 1200/3...
How many miles for one degree of latitude? - ANSWERSOne degree of latitude is 69 miles
How to convert inches to tenths of a foot (decimal feet)? - ANSWERSTake inch value and divide by 12
What is a rod? - ANSWERS1 rod = 16.5 feet
How many feet in a yard? - ANSWERS3 feet
How to figure out sum of interior angles of any closed polygon - ANSWERSn-2(180)
,How to figure out total exterior angles of a closed polygon - ANSWERS(n+2)180
How many feet in a meter? - ANSWERS3.281 feet (take the inverse of the international foot on the
formula sheet)
Cosecant is... - ANSWERS= arcsin..... sin
Secant is... - ANSWERS= arccos.... cos
The distance formula (Inversing) - ANSWERSSqrt((x2-x1)^2+(y2-y1)^2) or
Sqrt((y2-y1)^2+(x2-xs1)^2)
Cartesian Coordinate Systems are also called...? - ANSWERSRectangular Coordinate Systems
What is a range pole? - ANSWERSIS NOT A LEVELING ROD!!! The stripes on it alternate white and black,
and it marks the position of stations for sightings (it is a marker). It is the pole that a prism is attached to.
What is a theodolite? - ANSWERSCan rotate along vertical (zenith axis) and horizontal axis (trunnion
axis). ONLY measure angles, not distances.
Same as a transit, but more accurate.
It is not robotic. A "regular" theodolite has no electronic capabilities.
A 1" theodolite means it is accurate to +or- 1"
What is a digital theodolite? - ANSWERSA theodolite with electronic capabilities (a screen and interface).
We used this in plane surveying lab.
,What is a total station? - ANSWERSMeasures both angles and distances... (i.e... A theodolite combined
with distance measuring capabilities). Needs a prism for the distances.
We used this in plane surveying lab.
What is a dumpy level? - ANSWERSIt is purely an optical leveling instrument, no robotic capabilities.
Purely rely on level vials to orient lines of sight (the level bubble IS the level vial). Only orients in the
direction of gravity.
Rarely used anymore
What is an auto level? - ANSWERSHas an automatic compensator built in (a pendulum) to correct for
slightly "off level" lines of sight (what I use currently, in labs, and at internships)
Compensator pendulum swings forward correcting for line of sight if telescope tilts down. Vice versa for
if the telescope is tilted up.
No electronic capabilities
What is a digital level? - ANSWERSA robotic leveling instrument that reads bar codes on the rod.
What is a Philadelphia rod? - ANSWERSA leveling rod consisting of two sliding sections. The rod fully
collapsed will read up to 7 ft. The rod fully extended will read up to 13 ft. The rod MUST be extended all
the way or rod reading error will occur.
In hundredths of a foot.
Readings on the back of the rod the graduation decrease from 13.09 ft at the bottom to 7 ft. up top.
(Used in Plane surveying lab)
, What is a Lenker Rod? - ANSWERSDirect Reading, or True Elevation (also known as Lenker style) is a
Grade Rod with a moveable tape face allowing you to set the actual benchmark elevation, or any
elevation, above or below the bench on the rod.
What is a vernier scale? - ANSWERSA scale that can be outfitted to a Philadelphia rod to enable readings
down to the thousandths.
(Did in plane surveying lab across Portage Canal)
Gunters Chain - ANSWERS100 Links in one chain
1 Chain = 66 feet
1 Link = 0.66 feet
Define True North (Geodetic North)... (Geodetic Bearing) - ANSWERSThe axis in which all the meridians
of longitude converge at
Magnetic North - ANSWERSDirection indicated by a compass
True Bearing = Mag. bearing + declination
CONVERT BEARING TO AZIMUTH IN ORDER FOR THE BELOW TO WORK!!! (then convert back to bearing
at the end)
Magnetic bearing to True bearing
(Declination value is + when to the east)
(Declination value is - when to the west)
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