Exam (elaborations)
HTHSCI 3I03: Innate Immunity questions with correct answers
- Course
- Institution
HTHSCI 3I03: Innate Immunity questions with correct answers
[Show more]
Content preview
1 of 82Term
How do eosinophils kill?
Give this one a go later!
Immune cells follow chemotactic trails. They follow the gradient, moving to the
highest concentration of chemokines.
Leukocytes have receptors for soluble factors and move with those receptors in
the front, leading the way.
, Eosinophils primarily release their contents into their environment.
Eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) is a potent killer that pokes holes in the cell
membrane of parasites.
However, they are also capable of phagocytosis.
A vaccine is an artificial infection that is meant to activate B cells and T-cells to
induce immunological memory
- Based on the nature of local inflammation, there is huge variability in the
longevity of the memory of the immune system
Selectins are a type of addressin that are mainly expressed on endothelial cells.
They bind carbohydrates and initiate the leukocyte-endothelial interaction.
Because the interaction is weak, it allows leukocytes to roll along the vascular
endothelial surface
Don't know?
2 of 82
Term
What are the key functions of innate immunity?
Give this one a go later!
- Involved in removing aged, damaged, or apoptotic cells
- Process and present antigens to T cells (inducing adaptive immunity)
- Secrete cytokines that play an important role in innate and adaptive immunity
- Essential for tissue repair and remodeling
, Intrinsic barrier of innate - No tissue damage
Immediate innate immune response - Very minor tissue damage with immediate
repair
Early induced innate immune response - Minor tissue damage that is soon
repaired
Late adaptive immune response - Major tissue damage, which may have
consequences, with gradual repair
1. Intrinsic barrier - To prevent attachment and/or entry of pathogenic
microbes into the host epithelial cells, while allowing growth of beneficial
microbes
2. Immediate innate response - To recognize, control and eliminate
pathogenic microbes at the site of entry
3. Early induced innate response - To induce inflammation and bring extra
help to the site of infection
4. To orchestrate an appropriate and measured adaptive immune response
Spontaneously perform cell-death induction through recognizing and targeting
aberrant cells (mistakes)
- virally infected cells
- malignant (tumor) cells
- antibody-coated cells
Don't know?
3 of 82
Term
What are the main types of ICAMs and VCAMs (Ig Family)? Where
are they found?
Give this one a go later!
, ICAM-1 (CD54) - found in activated endothelium. Ligand is LFA-1 and Mac1
ICAM-2 (CD102) - found in resting endothelium and DCs. Ligand is LFA-1
VCAM-1 (CD106) - found in activated endothelium. Ligand is VLA-4
PECAM (CD31) - found in activated leukocytes and at endothelial cell-cell
junctions. Ligand is CD31L
MBL is a PRR that recognizes mannose (unique arrangement of sugars) on the
surface of the cell with high affinity
- Mannose is not present in humans
- MBL has 2-6 clusters of carbohydrate-recognition domains
Intrinsic barrier of innate - No tissue damage
Immediate innate immune response - Very minor tissue damage with immediate
repair
Early induced innate immune response - Minor tissue damage that is soon
repaired
Late adaptive immune response - Major tissue damage, which may have
consequences, with gradual repair
- Specificity is inherited in the genome
- Expressed by all cells of a particular type (e.g. macrophages)
- Triggers immediate response
- Recognizes broad classes of pathogens
- Interacts with a range of molecular structures of a given type
Don't know?
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller codersimon. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.00. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67866 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now