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Abnormal Psychology Test 1 Study Guide Questions and Answers
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Deviance - Answer-Is this behavior considered abnormal within the client's cultural context? Deviant behavior - Answer-Ex: going naked. in one culture may be considered normal, while in others it may lead to arrest What are the 4 D's in abnormal psychology - Answer-Deviance Dysfunction Di...

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  • October 3, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Abnormal Psychology Test 1 Study
Guide Questions and Answers
Deviance - Answer-Is this behavior considered abnormal within the client's cultural
context?

Deviant behavior - Answer-Ex: going naked. in one culture may be considered normal,
while in others it may lead to arrest

What are the 4 D's in abnormal psychology - Answer-Deviance
Dysfunction
Distress
Danger

Dysfunction - Answer-aspects of the client's life being negatively impacted by symptoms

Distress - Answer-Psychological disorders are upsetting to the person with the disorder
Are symptoms upsetting to the client?

Danger - Answer-Are symptoms/behaviors causing danger to the client or others?
Psychological consequences of anorexia nervosa
Antisocial behavior: causing physical harm to others
Substance use

What are the scientific studies of psychological disorders - Answer-Biological Tradition
Humoral Theory of Disorders

Biological Tradition - Answer-Mental diseases have natural and biological causes
Brain is influencing personality and behavior
Galen, a roman guy, looked at things and could link things ot their behavior

Humoral theory of disorders - Answer-The bodily humors become out of balance and
lead to psychopathology
Ex: blood, black bile(depression/ inactivity), yellow bile, phlegm

What happens when Neurotransmitters and hormone levels get out of whack - Answer-
leads to problems that are considered the modern adaption

Treatments for Psychosis patients - Answer-Insulin Shock Therapy
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
Neuroleptics and Psychosis

insulin shock therapy - Answer-Used in the early 1930s

,Inject someone with insulin to such a degree that it causes the person to go into a
coma, when awoken they would be subdued
Could cause seizures
Very dangerous
No longer used

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) - Answer-Around the 1940s
Shock therapy
Put electrodes on a person's cranium and it send electrode to the brain
Causes mini seizures
Still used today in severe cases of OCD and ADHD

Neuroleptics and Psychosis - Answer-1960s
Neuroleptic (antipsychotic) drugs that directly treat peoples psychosis
Reduces dopamine production in the brain which allows them to be more lucid

Psychoanalytic Tradition - Answer-Freud and the unconscious part of the psychic
makeup that is outside the awareness of the person

Id - Answer-Pleasure principle
Emotional, animalistic
Unconscious
Ex:Let kids eat whatever they want, they eat candy and want to follow what's
pleasurable

Ego - Answer-Reality principle
Logical, thinks through things
Conscious, realistic
Ex:How can I accomplish goal without interfering with other people

Superego - Answer-Moral principles
Conscience, internalized societal norms
Partially conscious
Ex:What makes us feel guilty for doing stuff

intrapsychic conflict - Answer-Psychological disorders develop due to the infighting that
occurs between the Id, Ego, and Superego

psychosexual stages - Answer-the childhood stages of development (oral, anal, phallic,
latency, genital) during which, according to Freud, the id's pleasure-seeking energies
focus on distinct erogenous zones
If neglected at 2 or 3 y/o problems may develop at adulthood due to disruption of one of
the stages

Treatments - Answer-Free association
Dream analysis

, Transference

free association - Answer-Stream of consciousness, say whatever is on your mind
Want a freudian slip to occur by having the client say something in an unfiltered way

dream analysis - Answer-the therapist interprets the symbolic meaning of the client's
dreams
Ex:When you're dreaming, things that are too threatening to acknowledge are shown
from the subconscious.

Transference - Answer-in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of
emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent)
questions about your childhood, we will strike a nerve and will start relating to the
therapist as if they are a parent. (ex: if you have issues with your mom you will become
angry with the therapist)

humanistic tradition - Answer-A viewpoint in psychology that emphasizes the
importance of responsibility, growth, and actualization.
Includes: Unconditional Positive Regard
Empathy
Genuineness

Behavioral tradition - Answer-Behavioral therapy
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning

behavioral therapy - Answer-focuses on changing behavior by identifying problem
behaviors, replacing them with appropriate behaviors, and using rewards or other
consequences to make the changes

classical conditioning - Answer-a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more
stimuli and anticipate events
UCS (unconditioned stimulus), CS (conditioned stimulus). UCR (unconditioned
response), CR (conditioned response)
Unconditioned stimulus (UCS) -> Unconditioned response (UCR)
Conditioned stimulus (CS) & unconditioned stimulus (UCS) paired together to create an
association
Conditioned stimulus (CS)-> Conditioned response(UCR) (which is the same as the
Unconditioned Response)
Ex: Having chemotherapy → get nausea as unconditioned response →when in a white
room might become nauseous as a conditioned response

operant conditioning - Answer-Actively operating on the environment, performing a
response, stimulus is whether you get rewarded or punished
Involves voluntary behaviors
Use reinforcement to increase the likelihood of an organism repeating a behavior

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