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AUTISM EXAM -1 QUSTIONS AND ANSWERS
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AUTISM EXAM #1 QUSTIONS AND ANSWERSWhat is the definition of Autism Spectrum Disorders? - Answers-Autism Spectrum
Disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in social
communication/ social interaction and the presence of restricted, repetitive behaviors
(ASHA)
To officially diagnose autism, person must meet all criteria listed in DSM-5, what is the
criteria? - Answers-Social communication criteria (need 3/3)
1. Deficits in social emotional reciprocity
2. Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social communication
3. Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships
Restrictive, repetitive behavior criteria
1. Stereotyped or repetitive speech motor movements or use of objects
2. Need for sameness
3. Restricted interests
4. Unusual restricted interests or hypo/hyper sensitivity
Prior to 2013, what were various disorders you could have instead of Autism? -
Answers--Autism
-Aspergers syndrome
-PDD-NOS (Pervasive Developmental Disorder-not otherwise specified)
-Retts syndrome
-Childhood disintegrative disorder
Currently, what is in the DSM-5 that you can have instead of ASD? - Answers--Autism
spectrum disorder (3 levels)
-Retts syndrome
-Childhood disintegrative disorder
What is the prevalence of ASD - Answers-Affects 1/68 kids
5x more common in boys
Occurs in all racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups
Can be reliably diagnosed by age 2
,No medical detection or cure
What are the causes and contributing factors for ASD? - Answers-Not a single disorder
Group of related disorders, likely with different etiologies
Highly genetic (BUT NOT 100% GENETIC): 60-90% concordance with identical twins,
3-31% of fraternal twins, 20% recurrence with siblings
Several autism susceptibility genes have been identified
Many studies have proven that vaccines don't cause ASD
Why has their been an increase of ASD? - Answers-Reasons not completely clear
Theories:
Increased autism awareness
More screening tools/services
Changes in how autism has been defined and diagnosed
Increased prevalence due to increase in environmental factors
What are the environmental risk factors of ASD? - Answers-Maternal age,
paternal age,
thalidomide,
valproate,
congenital rubella
What are the diagnostic caveats for ASD? - Answers-1. Must be present in early
development period
2. Clinically significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas
3. Not better explained by intellectual disability or global developmental delay
4. If they don't meet ASD Dx, could be social communication disorder
What are some co-occuring conditions common in ASD? - Answers-Gastrointestinal
problems,
, sleep difficulty,
seizures,
intellectual disability,
anxiety,
ADHD,
depression
What are the typical social/emotional developmental milestones? - Answers-2 mo-
begins to smile at people
Tries to look at parent
6 mo-
likes to play with others especially parents
Responds to other peoples emotions and often seems happy
1 yr-cries when mom/dad leaves
Repeats sounds and actions to get attention
Plays peekaboo
What are the typical cognitive developmental milestones? - Answers-2 mo-
pays attention to faces and begins to follow things with their eyes
Recognizes people
6 mo-
looks around at things nearby
Shows curiosity about things
Tries to get things out of reach
1 yr-
explores things in different ways
Finds hidden things easily
Copies gestures
Follows simple directions
What are the typical speech and language developmental milestones? - Answers-2 mo-
makes cooing sounds, cries change for different needs, quiets or smiles when spoken
to
6 mo-
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