Health Assessment Exam 1 2024
1. *Assessment*: *Assessment* is the collection of subjective and objective
data about a patient's health.
2. *Subjective data*: *Subjective data* consist of information provided by the
affected individual.
3. *Objective data*: *Objective data* include information obtained by the health
care provider through physical assessment, the patient's record, and laboratory
studies.
4. *The database*: The *database* is the totality of information available about
the patient. The purpose of assessment is to make a judgment or diagnosis.
5. *Diagnostic reasoning*: *Diagnostic reasoning* is the process of analyzing
health data and drawing conclusions to identify diagnoses.
6. Diagnostic reasoning has which four major components?: *Diagnostic
reasoning* has which four major components?
(1) *Attending to* initially available *cues*, which are pieces of information, signs,
symptoms, or laboratory data;
(2) *Formulating diagnostic hypotheses*, which are tentative explanations for a
cue or a set of cues and can serve as a basis for further investigation;
(3) *Gathering data* relative to the tentative hypotheses;
(4) *evaluating each hypothesis* with the new data collected, which leads to a final
diagnosis.
7. The *nursing process* includes which six phases?: The *nursing process*
includes which six phases?
(1) *assessment*,
(2) *diagnosis*,
(3) *outcome identification*,
(4) *planning*,
(5) *implementation*, and
(6) *evaluation*.
It is a dynamic, interactive process in which practitioners move back and forth
within the steps.
8. The *novice nurse*: The *novice nurse* has no experience with specific
patient populations and uses rules to guide performance.
, Health Assessment Exam 1 2024
9. The *experienced nurse*: The *experienced nurse* understands a patient
situation as a whole rather than as a list of tasks, attends to an assessment data
pattern, and acts without consciously labeling it.
10. *Critical thinking*: *Critical thinking* is the multidimensional thinking
process needed for sound diagnostic reasoning and clinical judgment. Seventeen
critical thinking skills have been identified, including *setting priorities.*
11. *First-level priority problems*: *First-level priority problems* are emergent,
life-threatening, and immediate, such as establishing an airway or supporting
breathing.
12. *Second-level priority problems*: *Second-level priority problems* are next
in urgency. They require prompt intervention to prevent deterioration, and may
include a mental status change or acute pain.
13. *Third-level priority problems*: *Third-level priority problems* are
important to the patient's health, but can be addressed after more urgent
problems. Examples include lack of knowledge or family coping.
14. Evidence-based practice: Evidence-based practice is a systematic
approach to practice that uses the *best evidence,* the *clinician's experience,*
and the *patient's preferences and values* to make decisions about care and
treatment.
15. Every examiner needs to collect *four kinds of databases* based on the
situation. What are the four kinds of databases?: Every examiner needs to
collect *four kinds of databases* based on the situation. What are the four kinds of
databases?
(1) A *complete (or total health) database* includes a complete health history
and a full physical examination.
(2) A *focused (or problem-centered) database* is used for a limited or short-
term problem. It is smaller in scope and more targeted than the complete
database.
(3) A *follow-up database* evaluates the status of any identified problem at
regular intervals to follow up on short-term or chronic health problems.
(4) An *emergency database* calls for rapid collection of data, which commonly
occurs while performing lifesaving measures.
16. The *biomedical model*: The *biomedical model* of Western medicine views
health as the absence of disease. It focuses on collecting data on biophysical signs
and symptoms and on curing disease.
, Health Assessment Exam 1 2024
17. The *holistic health model*: The *holistic health model* assesses the whole
person because it views the mind, body, and spirit as interdependent and
functioning as a whole within the environment. Health depends on all these factors
working together.
18. The concept of health also includes health promotion and disease
prevention.: ...
19. Health assessment also should consider what two other factors?: Health
assessment also should consider what two other factors?
(1) The usual and expected *developmental tasks* for each age group
(2) the *cultural beliefs and practices* of different people. Obtaining a heritage
assessment helps gather data that are accurate and meaningful and can guide
culturally sensitive and appropriate care.
20. According to the biomedical model, a narrow definition of health is:
A) an optimal functioning of mind, body, and spirit within the environment.
B) the absence of disease.
C) the response of the whole person to actual or potential problems.
D) prevention of disease.: According to the biomedical model, a narrow definition
of health is:
A) an optimal functioning of mind, body, and spirit within the environment.
Feedback: INCORRECT
Nursing has an expanded concept of health; holistic health includes the mind,
body, and spirit as interdependent and functioning as a whole within the
environment.
*B) the absence of disease.*
*Feedback: CORRECT*
From a biomedical perspective, health is defined as the absence of disease or
elimination of symptoms and signs of disease.
C) the response of the whole person to actual or potential problems.
Feedback: INCORRECT
, Health Assessment Exam 1 2024
Nursing diagnoses are clinical judgments about a person's response to an actual
or potential health state.
D) prevention of disease.
Feedback: INCORRECT
Health promotion and disease prevention are important aspects of nursing's
concept of health.
21. What type of data base is most appropriate when a rapid collection of data
is required and often compiled concurrently with life-saving measures?
A) Episodic
B) Follow-up
C) Emergency
D) Complete: What type of data base is most appropriate when a rapid collection
of data is required and often compiled concurrently with life-saving measures?
A) Episodic
Feedback: INCORRECT
An episodic database is for a limited or short-term problem; this database
concerns mainly one problem, one cue complex, or one body system.
B) Follow-up
Feedback: INCORRECT
A follow-up database is used to follow-up short-term or chronic health problems;
the statuses of identified problems are evaluated at regular and appropriate
intervals.
*C) Emergency*
*Feedback: CORRECT*
An emergency database is rapid collection of the data often obtained concurrently
with lifesaving measures.
D) Complete
Feedback: INCORRECT
