Vikings Final UPDATED Actual Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Clinker Built - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Ships that were built with overlapping planks of
wood to give them strength against the Atlantic waves
-made in longships, which were long, narrow, and flat
-fast and durable, capable of navigating choppy seas and shallow rivers and could be carried
onto land
-flexible for mobility
Lindisfarne - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -the most important Celtic monastery of Britain
sacked by Vikings in 793, marked the beginning of the Viking Age as it was the first raid in
the British Isles
-off the coast of Northumberland
-it was a preeminent center of Christianity
-England was christianized in 600
-dropped effect on peasantry because monastery involved in mercantilism, and monks were
in welfare, edu, etc
-had fiefs and serfs, wergild and Danegeld
Anglo Saxon Chronicle Description kind of sounds like the end of the world in Revelation:
Here were dreadful forewarnings come over the land of Northumbria, and woefully terrified
the people: these were amazing sheets of lightning and whirlwinds, and fiery dragons --
robbery and slaughter
Asser - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Alfred's biographer (the Life of King Alfred) -- there
was only one remaining manuscript, problematic
-died around 909
-Welsh monk from Dyfed who became the Bishop of Sherborne in the 890s
-probably written for a Welsh audience
-does not record events after 893
-Celtic bishop from Wales who tried to explain Alfred's overlordship over Saxons, Walsh,
English. Distinguished from his brothers with PROPAGANDA (not fully accurate)
,-made Alfred look superior to Charlemagne in every way (monasteries, trips, battles,
languages, capability) -- first literate king
-elevating Alfred's military leadership
Burhs - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -Fortified market-towns constructed by Alfred the Great
to protect against further Viking invasions
-centers of trade, mercantile elite, royal towns that could not replace the population
-Anglo-Saxon enclosure, 33 built
-successful against invaders, developed into administrative and commercial centers
-after victory over Danes in Battle of Eddington and departure of the Danes in 880
-economic and military function of burns and hides -- taxation and protection
-initially in Wessex, then Mercia (with son Edward the Elder) -- good for defense and
regaining territory
Battle of Tara - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -aka Battle of Clontarf
-980
-opened capture of Viking Dublin and the freeing of the Irish slaves
-Dublin was a powerful trading center based on export and sale of Irish slaves. Irish kings
were becoming more powerful as Vikings became less.
Rollo (of Normandy) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -860-930; r. 911-927
-Viking chieftain who founded and was the first ruler of Normandy
-converted to Christianity as part of deal with Frankish King Charles the Simple in 911
-independent of King Harald I of Norway, sailed to Scotland, England, Flanders France on
raiding expeditions
-great-great-great grandpa of William the Conqueror, first Norman king of England
-most consequential Viking leader, gets duke of Normandy title and gets lots of land to the
North, becomes Christian
-dukes notoriously independent
Bjorn and Hastien - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Bjorn Ironside: 859-62 -- these brothers
burnt mosques at the Caliphate and sacked Algeciras. Brought African slaves back and sold
them in Ireland
, Hastein: Viking chieftain in the late 9th c., brother and companion of Bjorn. most famous for
jointly leading a raid into the Mediterranean in 859 with Bjorn with a fleet of 62 ships down
the Loire River (France) and Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). faced many defeats and
moved on to North Africa and Spain
Olaf Tryggavson - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -964-1000
-Viking king of Norway 995-1000 celebrated in Scandinavian literature for effort to
Christianize Norway (a pagan bastion)
-confirmed in Andover and introduced X successfully in Shetland, Faroe, Orkney, Iceland
and Greenland
-adopted into Icelandic Althing in 1000
-died at Battle of Svolder, raided before reign
-baptized Leif Ericson
-ultimate involvement of Norway in the Christian network because of this king
-between Harald Fairhair and Olaf (970-95): Norway ruled by a series of Jarls
-built first Norwegian church and threatened with violence
Svein Forkbeard - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -986-1014
-son of Harald Bluetooth. revolted against father to seize throne
-(r.1013-1014), Conquered England starting with leading Viking raids (1002) to King (1013),
Responded to the St. Brice's Day Massacre, Son of Harald Bluetooth and Father of Knud the
Great.
-the raids in England were a response to Aethelred the Unraed's raids in Denmark
-king of Denmark and England, as well as parts of Norway. He was the most successful
Viking leader
-feuded with Olaf after the latter's ascension to the Norwegian throne
Khazaria - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -very tolerant (ruled by Jews), practice all religions
and mercantilism, 250 years of life, access to the silk road
-intermediary between East and West with solver and gold
-what Christians and Muslims called pagans; made new law that it was forbidden to trade
with pagans
