- Just a Hydrogen for a R group. It's small so it allows bend in a polypeptide chain
Proline - - A special amino acid
- Forces a kink in the peptide chain
, Histidine - - A special amino acid
- Shifts from positive charge (@ pH 5.8) to a neutral charge (@ pH 7.8)
Primary Protein Structure - - Linear arrangement of amino acids. Sequence is determined by the
nucleotide sequence of encoding gene
Secondary Protein Structure - - Conformation of a portion of the polypeptide
Alpha Helix - - Spiral caused by hydrogen bonding of a carbonyl oxygen and an amide hydrogen
4 residues away
Beta Sheet - - Planar structure, caused by hydrogen bonding between adjacent beta strands
Beta Turn - - Connector caused by 3 amino acids, hydrogen bonding connecting beta sheets at
residue 1 & 4. Proline at position 2 induces sharp bend, Glycine @ position 3 minimizes steric
hinderance
Motif - - Combination of secondary structure that's associated with a specific function
Coiled-coil Motif - - 2 Alpha Helices are wrapped around one another in a helix. Hydrophobic R
groups are in the middle of the 2 coils, binding the 2 coils together while the hydrophilic groups
are on the outside of the coil
Leucine Zipper - - Simple version of a coiled-coil motif. Has a pattern of Leucine x6. Commonly
found in DNA binding proteins since it can fit in the grooves of double stranded DNA
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