USAHS CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024
UPDATED QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
VERIFIED BY EXPERTS
What are the 5 steps of neurological development in order? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Neurulation, cell proliferation, migration and aggregation, formation of
axonal and dendritic processes, and synaptogenesis
______________ involves the formation of the neural crest and neural tube. -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Neurulation
Cell proliferation occurs within the ________ _______. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Neural tube
During the migration and aggregation phase of embryological development the cells
migrate/aggregate within _________ locations. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Definitive
True or false:
Cranial nerves are formed during the formation of axonal and dendritic processes phase
of embryological development. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>True
____________ occurs around day 14 of development. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Neurulation
During __________ the embryo is in the process of gastrolation. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Neurulation
The __________ is three cell layers thick and includes the ectoderm, mesoderm, and
endoderm. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Gastrula
The entire nervous system is derived from the ____________ ___________. -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Embryonic ectoderm
On day _____ the notochord develops followed by the neural tube on day _______. -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>21, 28
The _______ ________ develops into the the entire CNS. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Neural tube
Neural crest cells develop into the ______. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>PNS
,What two pathologies can occur during the first stage of embryological development? -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Spina bifida (failure of POSTERIOR neuropore to close)
and anencephaly (failure of the ANTERIOR neuropore to close)
What does the prosencephalon divide into? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>telencephalon
and diencephalon
What are the derivatives of the telencephalon and diencephalon? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>telencephalon: rhinoencephalon (lateral ventricles)
What is the derivative of the mesencephalon? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Midbrain
(cerebral aqueduct)
What does the rhombencephalon divide into? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>metencephalon and myelencephalon
What are the derivatives of the metencephalon and myelencephalon? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Metencephalon: cerebellum and pons (fourth ventricle)
Myelencephalon: medulla (fourth ventricle)
What does the primitive neural tube divide into? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Neural
tube and neural crest
What are the derivatives of the neural tube and neural crest? - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Neural tube: spinal cord (central canal)
Neural crest: peripheral nerve ganglia
The anterior commissure is _________ to the posterior commissure. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Rostral
The thalamus is ________to the frontal lobe. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Caudal
The cerebellum is _________ to the pons. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Dorsal
The anterior horn of the SC is _________ to the posterior horn of the SC. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Ventral
During the __________ ___________ phase of embryological development the sulcus
limitans pushes bilaterally inside of the neural tube and starts to divide the tube into a
, ventral and dorsal portion. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Cell proliferation (ventral
portion= baslar plate; efferent motor and the dorsal portion= alar plate; sensory)
During the cell proliferation phase the innermost layer (ependyaml aka germinal)
creates the lining of the __________. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Ventricles (helps
the cilia)
During the cell proliferation phase the intermediate layer becomes the ___________. -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Mantle (gray matter)
During the cell proliferation phase the marginal layer becomes ________ ________. -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>White matter
During _________ migration the cells travel up the telencephalon from the SC. -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Radial
During ______________ migration the cells travel within the brain stem. This occurs
late in the migration process. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Tangential
What two defects can occur in the migration phase of embryological development? -
CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Dyslexia and lissencephaly (smooth brain = low IQ)
During the differentiation phase of embryological development at 14 weeks CN's
_______, _______, ______, ______, and _____ form. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>5, 7,
9, 10, and 12 (swallow/gag)
During the differentiation phase of embryological development at 25 weeks CN's
________ _______ ______ and _____ form. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>2, 3, 4, and 6
(visual motor)
During the differentiation phase of embryological development at 28 weeks CN ______
forms. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>8 (hearing)
During the differentiation phase of embryological development at 31-32 weeks CN
______ forms. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>1 (smell)
During the synaptogenesis phase of embryological development the basis of
____________ ___________ is formed. - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Neural plasticity
(correlated with known types of permanent learning)
The telencephalon and diencephalon comprise the _____________. - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>Forebrain
What makes up the brain stem? - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>midbrain, pons, medulla
oblongata (vital survival function)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller profwhite. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $22.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
