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CLTM Exam Study Guide
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CLTM Exam Study Guide
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\CLTM Exam Study Guide
What does OSHA stand for? - ANSWER Occupational Saftey & Health
Administration
OSHA function (select one)
a. Prevents wrong-site surgery
b. Protects Private Patient Health Information
c. Insures an environment of patient safety
d. insures and environment of safety for the staff - ANSWER insures an environment
of safety for the staff
What does CMS stand for? - ANSWER Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services
CMS administers:
a. Medicare & Medicaid
b. Medicare, Medicaid & HIPPA
c. Affordable Care Act
d. Joint commission Accreditation - ANSWER Medicare, Medicaid & HIPPA
Define Dysgeusia - ANSWER Distortion of sense of taste. Used to describe seizure
or aura with taste component.
Define Dystonia - ANSWER Neurological movement disorder, in which sustained
muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures.
Define Ataxia - ANSWER Loss of the ability to coordinate muscular movement.
Results in gait disturbance
Define Caraplexy - ANSWER Sudden, transient episode of loss of muscle tone
accompanied by full conscious awareness, often triggered by emotions such as
laughing, crying, terror
Define EEG in Caraplexy - ANSWER EEG is normal
Define Narcolepsy - ANSWER Chronic neurological disorder caused by the brain's
inability to regulate sleep-wake cycles normally
Define EEG in Narcolepsy - ANSWER Sleep onset REM sleep
Define Wallenbergs Syndrome - ANSWER Lateral medullary syndrome is a disease
in which the patient has a constellation of neurologic symptoms due to injury to the
lateral part of the medulla in the brain, resulting in tissue ischemia and necrosis. This
syndrome is characterized by sensory deficits affecting the trunk (torso) and
extremities on the opposite side of the infarction and sensory deficits affecting the
face and cranial nerves on the same side with the infarct. Specifically, there is a loss
of pain and temperature sensation on the contralateral (opposite) side of the body
and ipsilateral (same) side of the face.
,Define Dysphagia - ANSWER Difficulty swallowing
Define Vertigo - ANSWER Dizziness
Define Nystagmus - ANSWER Involuntary rhythmic movement of the eye, can
manifest either vertically or horizontally
Define Dysarthria - ANSWER Slurred Speech
Define Ptosis - ANSWER Dropping of the eyelid
Define Horner's syndrome - ANSWER The combination of drooping of the eyelid
(ptosis) and constriction of the pupil (miosis), sometimes accompanied by decreased
sweating (anhidrosis) of the face on the same side; redness of the conjunctive of the
eye is often also present.
Define Cortical Dysplasia - ANSWER Cortical dysplasia is a congenital abnormality
where the neurons is an area of the brains failed to migrate in the proper formation in
utero. Occasionally neurons will develop that are larger than normal in certain areas.
The causes the signals sent through the neurons in the area to misfire, which sends
an incorrect signal. it is commonly found near the cerebral cortex and is associated
with seizures.
Cortical Dysplasia
a. Absence Seizures
b. Keppra
c. Intractable Seizures
d. West Syndrome - ANSWER Intractable Seizures
Define Hyperlexia - ANSWER Seen in autism & Landau Kleffner
A syndrome characterized by an intense fascination with letters or numbers and an
advanced reading ability
Define Hypergraphia - ANSWER An overwhelming urge to write. It is not itself a
disorder, but can be associated with temporal lobe changes in epilepsy, and
hypomania and mania in the context of bipolar disorder
Define Hippocampal Sclerosis - ANSWER A neuropathological condition with severe
neuronal cell loss and gliosis in the hippocampus, specifically in the CA-1 (Cornu
Ammonis Area 1) and subiculum of the hippocampus
Which test detects Hippocampal Sclerosis? - ANSWER MRI
Hippocampal Sclerosis
a. Neocortex of Temporal Lobe
b. Globaus Pallidues
c. Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
d. Supplemental Motor Cortex - ANSWER Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Neocortex of Temporal Lobe
,a. Medial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
b. Lateral Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
c. Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
d. Longitudinal Temporal Lobe Epilepsy - ANSWER Lateral Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Brand/Trade name of Phenytoin - ANSWER Dilantin
Brand/Trade name of Depakote - ANSWER Valproate Acid
Side effect of abrupt Phenytoin withdrawal? - ANSWER Status Epilepticus
Drug of choice for Infantile Spasms? - ANSWER ACTH
Drug of choice for Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy? - ANSWER Depakote
Drug of choice for Juvenile Absence seizures?
(Brand and Generic Name) - ANSWER Brand - Zarontin
Generic - Ethosuximide
Drug of choice for Lennox-Gastaut?
(Brand and Generic Name) - ANSWER Brand - Depakote
Generic - Valproate
(Valproic Acid)
Define ACTH - ANSWER Adrenocorticotrpic Hormone
Drug of choice for Complex Partial Epilepsy?
(Brand and Generic Name) - ANSWER Brand - Keppra
Generic - Levetiracetam
Define Seizure - ANSWER A sudden, involuntary time-limited alteration in behavior,
including a change in motor activity, in autonomic function, in consciousness or
sensation, accompanied by an abnormal electrical discharge in the brain
Define Epilepsy - ANSWER ≥ 2 seizures
Epilepsy is a central nervous system disorder (neurological disorder) in which the
nerve cell activity in you brain is disturbed, causing a seizure, symptoms and
sensations, including loss of consciousness.
Define the term Seizure Semiology - ANSWER Clinical manifestations (description)
of the seizure
Describe the typical ictal progression for partial and convulsive seizures - ANSWER
Ictal discharge begins with low-voltage fast activity and becomes slower with higher
amplitude
Clinical manifestations for Gelastic Seizures - ANSWER Laughing
Clinical manifestations for Dacrystic Seizures - ANSWER Crying
, Most common co-morbidity in Gelastic & Dacrystic Seizures - ANSWER
Hypothalamic Hamartoma
Name this Seizure:
Seizure begins with tingling sensation or motor movements in the fingers, then
affects the hand and moves on to more proximal areas in the same side of the body
with progression to the contralateral side of the body as the event rosses over the
corpus callusom . - ANSWER Jacksonian Epilepsy or Jacksonian March
Define Todd's Paralysis - ANSWER 1. Seizure followed by temporary paralysis
2. Paralysis may be partial or complete but usually occurs on just one side of the
body (Speech & vision can be involved)
3. Duration: 30 min -36 hours, Avg. 15 hours
Jacksonian March
a. Generalized Seizure
b. Primarily Focal, Secondary Generalized
c. Complex Partial Seizure
d. Simple Partial Seizure - ANSWER Simple Partial Seizure
Hypsarrythmia
a. Complex Partial Seizure
b. Hypnogogic Hypersynchrony
c. Infantile Spasms
d. Tonic Clonic Seizures - ANSWER Infantile Spasms
Hypsarrhythmia
a. Lennox Gastaut
b. Rasmussens Encephalitis
c. Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
d. West Syndrome - ANSWER West Syndrome
Abdominal Epilepsy (Stomach pain)
a. Frontal Lobe
b. Temporal Lobe
c. Parietal Lobe
d. Occipital Lobe - ANSWER Temporal Lobe
Atonic Seizures
a. Olfactory Aura
b. Drop Attacks
c. Infantile Seizures
d. Epilepstic Syndrome - ANSWER Drop Attacks
Atonic Seizures
a. Affective Epilepsy
b. Ataxic Epilepsy
c. Akinetic Seizures
d. Aphasic Seizures - ANSWER Akinetic Seizures
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