Exam (elaborations)
NUR 2474 Exam
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Exam of 8 pages for the course NUR 2474 at NUR 2474 (NUR 2474 Exam)
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NUR 2474 ExamCholinesterase inhibitors - ANSWER Donepezil
Rivastigmine
Galantamine
neostigmine
Cholinesterase inhibitors side effects - ANSWER dizziness, GI upset, fatigue,
headache
cholinesterase inhibitors adverse affects - ANSWER bradycardia bronchoconstriction
cholinesterase inhibitors interactions - ANSWER Anticholinergics, first generation
anithistamines, TCA's, conventional antipsychotics
Donzepil side effects - ANSWER nausea vomitting diarrhea urinary urgency
bronchoconstriction bradycardia orthostatic hypotension
rivastigmine - ANSWER side effects likely and more intense. caution with PUD
bradycardia sick sinus syndrome urinary obstruction, lung disease. transdermal route
lowers intensity of side effects.
neostigmine - ANSWER prevents acetylcholine degradation. myasthenia gravis,
parkinsons dementia, alzheimers
Galantamine - ANSWER caution use in asthma or copd . avoid anticholinergics 1st
gen antihistamines, TCAs, conventional antipsychotics because they reduce effects.
nmda blocker - ANSWER antagonist.
Memantime - ANSWER NMDA blocker
Memantime adverse reactions - ANSWER skin reactions. steven johnsons
syndrome. erythema multiforme. bradycardia, hypertensions, angina.
Memantime side effects - ANSWER dizziness headache confusion diarrhea or
constipation
Immunomodulators - ANSWER interferon beta
interferon beta - ANSWER FLu like symptoms, hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression
(decreases all blood cells monistor cbc frequently) injection site reaction.
depressions
interferon beta drug interactions - ANSWER other immunosuppressive drugs
immunosuppressants - ANSWER Mitoxantrone
, mitoxantrone - ANSWER decreases autoimmune destruction of myelin.
Mitoxantrone side effects - ANSWER myelosuppression(montior cbc) increased risk
for infections. no live virus immunizations. cardiotoxicity (irreverisble damage to
ejection fraction) fetal harm (growth delay and prematurity)
Mitoxantrone reversible injuries - ANSWER hair loss, Gi mucosa, amenorrhea,
sysmptoms of allergy, acute myelogenous leukemia.
seizure meds - ANSWER IV benzos (Diazepam/lorazepam
longterm- phenytoin
what antiseizure meds do - ANSWER either suppress discharge or neurons or
suppress progation of seizure activity from the focus to other areas of the brain.
5 basic mechanisms of antiseizure drugs - ANSWER suppress sodium influx
suppress calcium influx
promote potassium efflux
block receptors for glutamate
increase GABA
prototype drugs for seizures - ANSWER phenytoin oxcarbazepine
PHenytoin(dilantin) - ANSWER Therapeutic level 10to20 mcg . for all forms of
epilepsy focal seizures.
phenytoin side effects - ANSWER Nystagmus, excess sedation, cognistive
impairment. gingival hyperplasia (ecess gum tissue growth) dysrythmia. measles like
rash, stven johnson syndrome. hirsutism (overgorwth of hair in unwanted places)
phenytoin - ANSWER oldest and most commonly used seizure med.
phenytoin drug interactions - ANSWER MANY!
phenytoin low therapeutic range - ANSWER under 10 = breakthrough seizure
phenytoin high therapeutic range - ANSWER over 20 cns toxcicty
phenytoin what to avoid - ANSWER alcohol barbiturates, abrupt withdrawal.
Oxcarbazepine - ANSWER new generation antiseizure med. prescibed less often.
better tolerated than traditional. for children and adults.
oxcarbazepine side effects - ANSWER cns suppression. hyponatremia. (increased
risk with diuretics, monitor electrolytes) hypothyroidism (monitor hormones) steven
johnson syndrome(discontinue immediately)
oxcarbazepine drug interactions - ANSWER MANY! oral contraceptives(alternative
b/c is needed)
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