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MFT Exam: Chapter 1 History of MFT
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MFT Exam: Chapter 1 History of MFT
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MFT Exam: Chapter 1 History of MFTHow did the field of marriage and family therapy evolve? - -- Changing social
dynamics after WWII
- family roles became less predictable and options for individuals increased
creating more interpersonal tension
- divorce rates increased
- the world entered the atomic age and anxiety reached levels that made it
difficult for the family to cope as a system
- became more accepting of professional help
- some clinicians believed that individual psychological problems could be
better resolved within the context of the family
- Goldenberg & Goldenberg five factors that contributed to the evolution of
family therapy. - -1) the extension of psychological treatment, eventually
including work with whole families.
2) the introduction of general systems theory
3) The investigation of the family's role in the development of schizophrenia
in one of its members
4) The development of the fields of child guidance and marital counseling.
5) The increased interest in clinical techniques such as group therapy
- Before the evolution of family therapy, which model dominated the field of
psychology? - -Psychoanalytic theory
- Why did clinicians break away from the psychoanalytic model, moving
towards family therapy models? - -Clinicians discovered the powerful
influence of the family on treatment outcomes and identified problems that
seemed more likely to be resolved by treating the whole family.
- According to Nichols and Schwartz, which developments attributed to the
growth of family therapy models? - -- clinical and research developments in
hospital psychiatry
- group dynamics
- interpersonal psychiatry
- the child guidance movement
- research on schizophrenia
- marriage counseling
- Who founded psychoanalysis? - -Sigmund Freud
- What is psychoanalysis? - -Freud's theory about the individual as he/she
negotiated the stages of psychosexual development. The theory focuses on
individuals but acknowledges the importance of the family.
, Freud and his followers believed that to have contact with anyone other than
the patient would contaminate the therapy
- What were two important observations during the research into the causes
of schizophrenia during the 1950s? - -1) When the patients got better,
someone else in the family got worse.
2) Although patients improved in the hospital, they often deteriorated when
they returned home.
- General Systems Theory - -Researchers were discovering that a whole
group has properties and characteristics that emerge from the group itself,
beyond those of its individual members. Once working with families, this
concept became equally applicable
- Who initiated the Child Guidance Movement? - -Alfred Adler in the early
1900s
- Alfred Adler Concepts - -- Broadened the understanding of psychological
problems from a intrapsychic view to include the social context
- First to believe that treating children might be the best way to prevent the
development of mental problems
- Found that people were motivated by a need to overcome feelings of
inferiority
- Behavior is consistent with a person's style of life which could be functional
or dysfunctional
- In the US, who founded Family Counseling Centers in the 1920s? - -Rudolf
Dreikurs, Adler's associate, which extended Adler's child guidance approach.
Eventually, child guidance workers concluded that the real problem was not
the child, but the tensions in the family itself.
With their understanding of the importance of the familial and social context,
there was persistent tendency to treat the parents, usually the mothers,
separate from their children.
- Who opened the first Marriage Counseling Center in NYC in 1929? - -
Abraham and Hannah Stone
- Who founded the American Institute of Family Relations on the west coast
in 1930? - -Paul Popenoe
- Who began the Marriage Council of Philadelphia in 1932? - -Emily Mudd
- Who helped found the American Association of Marriage Counselors in
1941? - -Emily Mudd
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