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Geology Exam Review Questions and Answers
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Which of the following disciplines study the origin and evolution of planet Earth over the last 4.6 billion years? - Answer-historical geology Which of the Earth's four "spheres" is the largest? - Answer-geosphere What is the difference between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere? - Answer-...

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  • October 4, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • geology exam review questions and answers
  • which of the following disciplines study the origi

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Geology Exam Review Questions and
Answers
Which of the following disciplines study the origin and evolution of planet Earth over the
last 4.6 billion years? - Answer-historical geology

Which of the Earth's four "spheres" is the largest? - Answer-geosphere

What is the difference between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere? - Answer-The
lithosphere is more rigid than the asthenosphere

Which of the following belongs to the biosphere? - Answer--tropical rain forests
-coral reefs

What are the two principal divisions of Earth's surface? - Answer-continents and oceans

Which of the following are the principal compositional divisions of Earth? - Answer-crust,
mantle,and core

Where is the majority of the water stored in the hydrosphere? - Answer-the oceans

What are the two sources of energy that power the Earth system? - Answer-the Sun
and Earth's interior

Which of the following is an environmental problem induced by human actions? -
Answer-urban air pollution

Which of the following steps is not part of scientific investigations?` - Answer-accept all
tested hypothesis

Which of the following statements about the scientific method is not true? - Answer-
Scientific theories and laws always hold true.

Science can use ______________ to explain a natural phenomenon. - Answer-only
rational concepts

A Hypotheses is... - Answer-a rational explanation of a natural phenomenon that is
testable.

The most widely used and accepted method of communicating scientific research is.... -
Answer-professional journals

Which of the following is a characteristic of a scientific theory? - Answer-A scientific
theory is the best explanation for observable facts

, A scientific theory... - Answer-is subject to refinement and improvement, or completely
overturn

Which of the following is not one of Earth's four major "spheres"? - Answer-cryosphere

The principal mineral used in making glass is: - Answer-quartz

All of the following criteria define a mineral except:

It is inorganic.
It has an orderly internal structure.
It has a well-defined chemical composition.
It is organic.
It is naturally occurring. - Answer-it is organic

Which of the following substances is a mineral? - Answer-quartz

Which of the following best defines the relationship between minerals and rocks? -
Answer-In a mineral, atoms are bonded in a regular, repetitive, internal structure; a rock
is a lithified or consolidated aggregate of mineral grains.

what are the components of an atom? - Answer-neutrons, protons, electrons

When atoms form an ionic bond, what happens? - Answer-Electrons are transferred to
form positively and negatively charged atoms.

Which of the following are true statements regarding isotopes? - Answer--Isotopes are
variations of the same element.
-Isotopes have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Which of the following characteristics describes silicate minerals? - Answer-Silicate
minerals contain silicon and oxygen.

How many elements make up the majority of Earth's continental crust? - Answer-8

Which common mineral is composed entirely of silicon and oxygen? - Answer-quartz

What mineral is the hardest known substance in nature? - Answer-diamond

Which of the following is NOT one of the eight most common elements in Earth's crust?
- Answer-carbon

Atoms of the same element, zinc for example, have the same number of ________. -
Answer-protons in the nucleus

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