1. Physical Development: Infants: * Hold up heads
* Roll over
* Reach for things
* Sit
* Crawl
* Begin to Walk
* Increased coordination
* Manipulate objects with hands
2. Physical Development: By Age 2: * Feed themselves with hands
* Jump & run awkwardly
* Throw ball
* Use zipper
* Make tower of blocks
3. Physical Development: Toddlers: *Love to run
* Hop
* Tumble
* Play
* Swing
* Fine motor skills developing
* Can string beads
* Do jigsaw puzzles
4. Physical Development: By Age 4: * Print name
* Dress and undress self
* Eat with utensils
5. Physical Development: Middle Childhood: 6-10 Years: * Slow, steady weightgain
* Speed and coordination improve
* Begin organized sports
,* Refinement of fine motor skills
* Improved handwriting
* Drawings more representational
6. Physical Development: Adolescence: 10-18 Years: * Girls begin puberty earlier
* Boys grow taller
* Boys more muscular
* Girls' physical growth slows
* Boys physical growth continues
* Reach sexual maturity
7. At which developmental stage would a child be expected to tie shoes?: Pri-mary school
8. How does female growth differ than male growth during the adolescentstage?: Females
usually complete physical growth before males
9. Which characteristic is consistent with a student in the early childhoodphysical
development stage?: Ties shoelaces
10. Which characteristic is consistent with a student in the middle childhoodphysical
development stage?: Refining of motor coordination
11. Piaget: * scheme, schema
* adaptation
* assimilation, disequilibrium, equilibrium, & accommodation
* Learn from interaction with peers and environment
12. Vygotsky: * Scaffolding
* Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
* More knowledgeable other (MKO)
* Using language (as a mediator)
** explaining, giving examples, asking leading questions
* Social & Cultural interactions important
13. Piaget Stages: * Sensorimotor Stage
* Preoperational Stage
* Concrete Operational Stage
* Formal Operational Stage
,14. Sensorimotor Stage: (Birth - 2 years)
* Learn through movement and senses
* Reflexive or active
* Sucking
* Grabbing
* Looking
* Listening
*Object permanence
** unseen things still exist
15. Preoperational Stage: (Preschool/Kinder)
* Prelogical thought
* Play and pretend
* Language develops
* Forms many new schemes
* Egocentrism
** all about me
* Centration
** focus on only one aspect at a time
16. Concrete Operational Stage: (Elementary)
* Logical thought
* Need concrete, hands-on, experience
* Mental reversal
* Seriation
* Sorting
* Classifying
* Conservation
17. Formal Operational Stage: (Middle school/High school)
* Abstract thought
* Higher order thinking & reasoning
, * Mental manipulations
* Systematic problem-solving, critical thinking
* Hypothesize
* Predict
18. Vygotsky Stages: * No specific stages
* Support learning from lower level to higher level and more complex knowledge andskills at all
ages
19. Erikson - Psychosocial (8 Stages of Identity Development): 1. Trust vs.Mistrust
2. Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt
3. Initiative vs. Guilt 4.Industry vs. Inferiority
5. Identity vs. Role Confusion
6. Intimacy vs. Isolation
20. Trust vs. Mistrust: * Babies
* Provide love, care, food
* Need comfort and safety
21. Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt: * Toddlers
* Need for independence
* Me do stage
* Insist on doing things on own
22. Initiative vs. Guilt: * Preschool/Kinder
* Exploration
* Asking lots of questions
* Trying new things on own
23. Industry vs. Inferiority: * Elementary
* Intellectual curiosity
* School performance
* Need positive reinforcement
* Praise
* Avoid undue competition or criticism
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