Exam (elaborations)
Absite prep for intern year questions and answers rated A+2025/2026
- Course
- Institution
Absite prep for intern year questions and answers rated A+2025/2026
[Show more]
Content preview
Absite prep for intern yearHeller myotomy - ANSa surgical procedure wherein the muscle tissues of the cardia (lower
esophageal sphincter or LES) are cut, allowing meals and beverages to skip to the belly;
treats achalasia
Killian triangle - ANSArea of potential weak point located at the back of the esophagus at the
level of the cricopharyngeus muscle
which vagus is anterior vs posterior? - ANSLARP
left anterior, right posterior
what does the proper vagus emerge as? - ANSposterior vagal trunk, celiac plexus, crook
nerve of Grassi
what does the left vagus grow to be? - ANSanterior vagal trunk, gastric plexus, liver
branches
crook nerve of Grassi - ANSfrom right vagus, causes persistently excessive acid ranges post
op if left after vagotomy, resources the posterior fundus
types of hiatal hernia - ANStype 1: sliding hiatal hernia (~ninety five%).
Type 2: paraesophageal hiatal hernia with the gastro-esophageal junction in a regular role.
Type 3: combined or compound kind, paraesophageal hiatal hernia with displaced
gastro-esophageal junction.
Type 4: blended or compound type hiatal hernia with extra herniation of viscera (maximum
normally colon).
Phi angle - ANSA normal phi attitude is ranging between four and 58 levels. The phi angle is
a beneficial degree in assessing of gastric lap band role. This patient is need to revise the
placement of the slipped band.
Remedy for slipped gastric band - ANSplain x-ray (degree phi perspective) or swallow take a
look at, deflate the band
ddx: tachycardic, fever, abdominal pain after gastric bypass - ANSleak until validated in any
other case (other complications = bleed, PE); if there's any suspicion of leak, move
immediately to the OR due to the fact swallow studies leave out 30% of leaks and CT misses
20% leaks (imaging not reliable sufficient)
where does a gastric sleeve typically leak? - ANSat the perspective of His or GE junction on
account that those regions are the least vascularized
whilst do gastric bypasses leak, if they are going to? - ANSusually submit op day 3
, when do gastric bypasses get internal hernias, if they may be going to? - ANSmonths to
years after the surgery, as soon as the patient has lost weight and the mesenteric closures
have loosened up
Peterson disorder - ANSinternal hernia within the mesentery of the roux limb whilst it's miles
made antecolic
swirl sign - ANSdilated bowl indicating an inner hernia, generally on the left side after gastric
pass
splenic ligaments and their contents - ANSsplenorenal - splenic vessels, pancreatic tail
gastrosplenic - brief gastrics, left gastroepiploic
colicosplenic
phrenocolic
region of the splenic vein and artery - ANSvein = posterior to the pancreas
artery = anterior to the pancreas (superior border)
elements of the spleen - ANSCapsule, trabeculae, white pulp (PALS and follicles), red pulp,
splenic cords, venous sinuses, significant artery.
PALS - ANSperiarteriolar lymphoid sheath; Part of the internal vicinity of the white pulp of the
spleen; it includes particularly T cells
spleen follicles - ANSPart of the white pulp. Primary splenic follicles are positioned
eccentrically in PALS and are normally composed of B lymphocytes. When exposed to
antigen, the splenic lymphoid follicles broaden germinal facilities. Provide protection towards
encapsulated organisms.
Red pulp - ANSthe region of the spleen composed of blood-crammed venous sinuses and
thin plates of splenic tissue (cords), which consist of crimson blood cells and diverse white
blood cells; provides mechanical filtration of old or broken RBCs
first step in splenectomy if spleen is simply too massive - ANSclip the artery, the spleen with
deflate a bit
hereditary spherocytosis - ANSautosomal dominant; RBC membrane illness in tethering
proteins: spectrin/band 3.1/ankyrin; causes hemolytic anemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly
regularly after URIs; RBCs = osmotically fragile; see spherocytes lacking critical pallor on
peripheral blood smear
ddx: younger youngster with gallstones - ANSa hematologic disease, such as hereditary
spherocytosis
while to immunize with splenectomy - ANSideally as a minimum 2 weeks before the surgical
treatment, but if a trauma scenario and unexpected, just immunize earlier than discharge
from the clinic
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Tutor96. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
77333 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now