Exam (elaborations)
Diagnostic Tests for Cancer Questions and Answers 2024
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Diagnostic Tests for Cancer
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Diagnostic Tests for CancerWhat CBC findings should the nurse anticipate in patients with most types of cancer? -
answer-Pts w/most types of cancer will have a slightly elevated WBC count
-Pts. with blood cancers may have a very elevated WBC count
What lab tests would lead the nurse to believe that the liver has been affected? -
answer-SGOT
-SGPT
-AST
-ALT
-Known as liver function tests or LFTs
-An elevation would indicate liver damage and possible a primary liver cancer or
metastasis to the liver
What are cancer markers? - answer-These are substances that are found in blood
(serum), urine, or stool.
-Cancer markers are produced by cancer cells
-Levels of cancer markers are used to monitor the pt's response to treatment
-If the levels drop, this usually means that the treatment is working and the pt is
improving
-These levels can be used for screening for cancer but cannot be used for an actual
diagnoses
-This is because other conditions can also elevate these markers so further testing will
be done to verify the cancer diagnoses
What are some examples of cancer markers? - answer-Alpha-fetoprotein: liver cancer
and germ cell tumors
-CA-125: Ovarian cancer
-Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): colon and breast cancers
-Prostate-specific antigen (PSA): Prostate cancer
-Thyroglobulin: Thyroid cancer
What should the nurse know about genetic testing for cancer? - answer-Some types of
cancer have been linked to a genetic mutation
-Having these genes increases the person's risk of cancer
-Not everyone with these genes will develop cancer
-Testing is expensive but may be useful for patients with a strong family history
-For example: BRCA1 and BRCA2 are two genes linked with breast cancer. PTs with
multiple family members with breast cancer may choose to be tested
-Not every pt will want to know their risk for cancer.
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