Exam (elaborations)
PCHA Final exam with correct answers
PCHA Final exam with correct answers
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PCHA Final exam with correct answers
A |patient |tells |the |nurse |that |he |is |very |nervous, |nauseated |and |that |he |"feels
|hot". |This |type |of |data |would |be |considered: |- |correct |answers✔✔subjective
Because |the |physical |environment |in |which |an |interview |takes |place |is |an
|important |consideration |for |the |success |of |an |interview, |the |interviewer
|should: |- |correct |answers✔✔reduce |noise |by |turning |off |televisions |and |cell
|phones
A |nurse |is |taking |complete |health |histories |on |all |the |patients |attending |a
|wellness |workshop. |While |conducting |an |interview |with |a |patient, |the |nurse
|asks, |"Can |you |tell |me |a |little |about |yourself?" |This |question |is |an |example
|of: |- |correct |answers✔✔an |open-ended |question
During |an |interview, |a |parent |of |a |hospitalized |child |is |sitting |in |an |open
|position. |As |the |interviewer |begins |to |discuss |the |child's |treatment, |however,
|the |parent |suddenly |crosses |the |arms |against |the |chest |and |crosses |the |legs.
|Based |on |the |understanding |that |nonverbal |modes |of |communication |provide
|clues |to |understanding |feelings, |the |sudden |change |in |body |position |would
|suggest |that |the |parent |is: |- |correct |answers✔✔uncomfortable |talking |about
|his |child's |treatment
A |59-year-old |patient |is |returning |to |the |outpatient |clinic |for |a |follow |up |visit.
|The |patient |has |a |history |of |ulcerative |colitis. |The |patient |states |he |has |been
|having |"black |stools" |for |the |last |24 |hours. |Which |of |the |following |would |be
|the |most |complete |way |for |the |nurse |to |document |the |patient's |reason |for
|seeking |care? |- |correct |answers✔✔J.M. |is |a |59-year-old |patient |here |for
|having |"black |stools" |for |the |past |24 |hours.
Which |of |the |following |statements |best |describes |the |purpose |of |a |health
|history? |- |correct |answers✔✔to |provide |a |database |of |subjective |information
|about |the |patient's |past |and |current |health.
,The |inspection |phase |of |the |physical |assessment: |- |correct |answers✔✔begins
|the |moment |you |first |meet |the |person |and |develop |a |"general |survey".
A |patient |is |at |the |clinic |for |a |physical |examination. |He |states |that |he |is |"very
|anxious" |about |the |physical |exam. |What |steps |can |the |examiner |take |to
|make |the |patient |more |comfortable? |- |correct |answers✔✔Appear |unhurried
|and |confident |when |examining |the |patient.
When |performing |a |physical |examination, |safety |must |be |considered |to
|protect |the |examiner |and |the |patient |against |the |spread |of |infection. |Which
|of |the |following |statements |describes |the |most |appropriate |actions |the
|examiner |should |take |when |performing |a |physical |examination? |- |correct
|answers✔✔Wash |hands |at |the |beginning |of |the |examination |and |any |time
|that |one |leaves |and |re-enters |the |room.
A |50-year-old |patient |who |is |taking |anti-hypertensive |medications |returns |to
|the |clinic |to |have |their |blood |pressure |(BP) |checked. |The |last |BP |was |146/88.
|The |BP |reported |to |the |nurse |is |168/96. |Both |blood |pressures |were |taken |at
|the |brachial |site. |Which |of |the |following |is |true |regarding |blood |pressure
|assessment |in |this |patient? |Choose |all |that |apply:
1. |The |patient |should |be |allowed |to |adequately |rest |prior |to |assessing |the
|blood |pressure.
2. |The |width |of |the |cuff |should |cover |40% |of |the |circumference |of |the |upper
|arm.
3. |The |position |of |the |arm |used |for |blood |pressure |assessment |should |be
|above |the |level |of |the |heart.
4. |Goal |blood |pressure |for |this |patient |should |be |systolic |less |than |120 |mm
|Hg |and |diastolic |less |than |80 |mmHg.
5. |The |last |audible |sound |auscultated |during |blood |pressure |assessment
|should |be |recorded |for |the |systolic |reading.
6. |An |unsupported |arm |may |be |used |for |an |accurate |blood |pressure |measure
|- |correct |answers✔✔1, |2, |4
, While |caring |for |a |patient |with |heart |disease, |the |nurse |notices |an |irregularity
|in |the |rhythm |of |the |patient's |radial |pulse. |The |previous |assessment |did |not
|reveal |an |irregular |pulse. |What |would |be |the |BEST |action |to |take? |- |correct
|answers✔✔count |the |patient's |apical |pulse |for |one |minute
Which |of |the |following |statements |is |true |regarding |use |of |the |tympanic
|thermometer? |- |correct |answers✔✔The |practitioner |needs |to |wait |at |least |10
|minutes |to |obtain |the |temperature |if |the |patient |has |been |outdoors.
Which |of |the |following |is |true |regarding |an |oral |temperature? |- |correct
|answers✔✔The |thermometer |should |be |placed |in |the |posterior |sublingual
|pocket |of |the |mouth.
The |nurse |is |taking |a |blood |pressure |on |a |patient; |the |patient's |baseline |blood
|pressure |is |unknown. |The |nurse |does |not |have |any |previous |information
|about |the |patient's |blood |pressure |measurements, |nor |is |the |patient |able |to
|give |any |information |about |previous |blood |pressure |readings. |Which |of |the
|following |techniques |would |be |the |MOST |accurate |way |to |measure |this
|patient's |blood |pressure? |- |correct |answers✔✔Inflate |the |blood |pressure |cuff
|30 |mm |Hg |above |the |point |at |which |the |palpated |pulse |disappeared.
A |patient |is |being |seen |in |the |clinic |for |"fainting |episodes". |The |patient |has |a
|blood |pressure |of |150/90 |in |a |lying |position, |120/80 |in |a |sitting |position,
|and |90/60 |in |a |standing |position. |How |should |the |nurse |interpret |these
|findings? |- |correct |answers✔✔The |change |in |blood |pressure |readings |is |called
|orthostatic |hypotension.
In |the |article |by |Rakotz, |'Medical |students |and |measuring |blood |pressure:
|Results |from |the |American |Medical |Association |Blood |Pressure |Check
|Challenge', |what |are |the |consequences |of |poor |technique |when |measuring
|blood |pressure? |- |correct |answers✔✔all |of |the |above
- |A |5- |to |10-mm |Hg |error |can |result |in |an |incorrect |diagnosis |of |hypertension.
- |Poor |technique |can |cause |patients |with |hypertension |that |is |controlled |to
|appear |uncontrolled.