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Ch 57. Care of the Patient with Cancer Questions and Answers Fully Solved
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Ch 57. Care of the Patient with Cancer
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Ch 57. Care of the Patient with Cancer1. A patient, age 62, has been receiving external radiation and chemotherapy for
oropharyngeal carcinoma. His oral mucosa is denuded and edematous. He has
ulcerations over his bucca and tongue, and his saliva is thick and ropey. Which
intervention does the nurse teach to this patient?
a. Use a soft diet until the acute reaction subsides.
b. Gargle and rinse his mouth several times a day with a commercial mouthwash.
c. Use cotton-tipped swabs dipped in hydrogen peroxide to clean his teeth.
d. Avoid hot beverages. – answer ANS: D
Nursing interventions, including avoiding hot beverages, are important for prevention of
trauma to oral mucosa.
REF: Page 2034, Nursing Diagnoses box
TOP: Oropharyngeal carcinoma
2. Which is a type of biopsy?
a. Syringe
b. Aspiration
c. Polypectomy
d. Puncture - answerANS: B
Types of biopsy include aspiration, excision, needle, and incision.
REF: Page 2023, Figure 57-3
TOP: Biopsy
3. A patient, age 56, has been advised that his prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is
elevated. The physician then performed a digital rectal examination (DRE). Which
procedure is indicated next?
a. CA-125 test
b. Transrectal ultrasound
c. Needle biopsy of the prostate
d. MRI - answerANS: B
Men over the age of 50 should be advised to have a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test
and rectal exam once a year. Two other screening methods—DRE and transrectal
ultrasonography (TRUS)—are used alone and in combination in the early detection of
prostate cancer.
REF: Pages 2024-2025 TOP: Prostate cancer
, 4. A patient, age 72, is receiving chemotherapy for treatment of malignant lymphoma.
Chemotherapeutic agents work by
a. destroying only cancer cells.
b. interfering with the cells' ability to reproduce.
c. reducing the production of hydrochloric acid.
d. interfering with the movement of cells from one part of the body to another. -
answerANS: B
Most chemotherapeutic agents work by interfering with the cells' ability to multiply or
reproduce.
REF: Page 2027 TOP: Chemotherapy
5. The patient, age 63, has a diagnosis of cancer of the prostate gland with metastasis
and is experiencing cachexia. This state is best described by the characteristics of:
a. Poor health, malnutrition, and wasting
b. Increased appetite and nervousness
c. Irritability and anger
d. Depression, fear, and anxiety - answerANS: A
The patient with advanced cancer often experiences cachexia, a profound state of ill
health, malnutrition, and wasting.
REF: Page 2035, Nursing Diagnoses box
TOP: Terms
6. A patient, age 39, has been receiving chemotherapy for treatment of her cancer of
the breast. She has a white blood cell count of 1,600/mm3. A person who has
leukopenia has a special need for which nursing intervention?
a. Provision of adequate fluid intake
b. Protection from falls
c. Protection against infection
d. Limitation of activities - answerANS: C
The nurse needs to protect the patient against pathogens, monitor the patient for signs
of infections, and respond aggressively if an infection occurs.
REF: Pages 2028, 2030 TOP: Chemotherapy
Step: Planning
7. A patient, age 53, has discovered a lump in her breast while performing her monthly
breast self-examination. Which action is recommended next for this patient?
a. A prompt examination by her physician is needed.
b. It is best to wait at least 1 month to be sure the lump remains.
c. A physical examination should be postponed until the lump enlarges.
d. Warm, moist compresses should be applied at least three times a day to help reduce
the size. - answerANS: A
Nurses should teach to all patients, both men and women, that any identifiable problem
should be brought to the attention of a physician.
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