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Final CCHT Exam with correct answers.
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Final CCHT Exam with correct answers"Pitting" edema is present when a finger pushed against the skin of the ankle leaves a dent. Report this
to the nurse if you see it. - correct answer>>
1kg = 1000mL - correct answer>>
4. Hypotension
5. Vasonstriction - tightening of the patients blood vessels.
6. Poorly working central catheter - correct answer>> Arterial High Pressure Alarms:
1. A bloodline separation - if the upper limit is set below zero.
2.A leak between the patient and the monitoring site
3. A drop in the blood pump speed.
4. Infusion of saline or medications.
9 main pieces of equipment found in a hemodialysis water room and their purpose: - correct answer>>
Temperature Blending valve: Mixes hot and cold water in order to maintain a water temperature
between 55-85 degrees F.
A break in the light beam caused by blood cells triggers and alarm that stops the blood pump and
clamps the venous line. This prevents further blood loss and contamination of the patient's blood with
dialysate. - correct answer>>
A conductivity alarm sounds during a hemodialysis treatment. The tech should expect what - correct
answer>> the dialyzer was bypassed
A minimum delivered URR must be about 65% - with a prescribed URR of about 70%. - correct answer>>
A patient who is blind needs to be oriented to equipment and activities in the immediate environment.
It is not necessary to avoid phrases that refer to sight, such as "I see..." or "it looks like..." - correct
answer>> The technician should speak to the patient before touching to avoid startling the patient. As
,with all patients, instructions should be given directly to the patient, although the spouse or significant
other may be included.
A patient's chart is legal evidence of the care he or she received. If a task wasn't charted, it wasn't done -
correct answer>>
A pulse of 104 beats/min would suggest the patient has - correct answer>> tachycardia
A semipermeable membrane is a filter that - correct answer>> Allows only certain sized particles pass
through
Abscess - correct answer>> An abscess is an infection under the skin. It looks lika blister or pimple filled
with fluid or pus. If needles are inserted into or near an abscess, infection of a dialysis access or other
tissues may occur.
Access - correct answer>> An access -vascular access- is a route into the bloodstream that allows enough
blood flow for hemodialysis. For permanent access, a surgeon connects a vein to an artery.
Acid - correct answer>> An acid is substance with a pH below 7.0 that can donate a hydrogen ion -H+. In
the human body, acids form when protein and other foods are broken down by cell metabolism.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - AIDS - correct answer>>
Acute Kidney Failure - correct answer>> Acute kidney failure has a sudden onset. It is most often caused
by an illness, injury, or toxin that stresses the kidneys. Some patients who survive acute kidney failure
can recover kidney function. Others die or go on to develop chronic kidney failure.
Adsorb - correct answer>> Adsorb means to attract and hold. The dialyzer membrane adsorbs blood
proteins to the walls of the hollow fibers during a treatment.
Advance Directives - correct answer>> Advance directives outline a patient's wishes for medical
treatment in case he or she becomes too ill to make such choices. A living will is one type of advance
directive.
,Afferent - correct answer>> means toward an organ.
After a fistual matures, it can be punctured with dialysis needles and will allo the blood flow rates
needed for dialysis. - correct answer>>
Air Detector - correct answer>> The air - or foam detector checks blood in the venous line of the
extracorporeal circuit for air. Air in a patient's bloodstream can stop the blood flow or heartbeat,
causing death.
Air Embolism - correct answer>> An air embolism occurs when air bubbles enter the bloodstream and
flow into a vessel small enough to be blocked by the air. The air in the vessel acts like a clot, blocking the
flow of blood.
Albumin - correct answer>> Albumin is a blood protein. Lo serum albumin levels -<3.5 g/dL- may mean a
patient is undernourished. Malnutrition is a common in dialysis patients and raises their risk of death.
Alum - correct answer>> Alum is an aluminum compound. It is often added to city water supplies to
remove sediment and make the water clearer.
Aluminum can build up in the bodies and brains of dialysis patients. Aluminum in dialysis water must be
kept at low levels with water treatment. - correct answer>>
Aluminum-Related Bone Disease - ARBD - correct answer>> ARBD is cause by long-term exposure to
aluminum. Aluminum builds up in the tissues at the point where new bone forms and be seen on X-ray.
Sources of aluminum include dialysis water, medications, and cookware.
Amyloidosis - correct answer>> Amyloidosis occurs when aproteingcalled beta-2-microglobulin -B2M-
builds up in soft tissues, bones, and joints. The deposits can cause joint and or bone pain. High-flux
membranes and or noctournal hemodialysis remove more B2M, which may help prevent or treat this
problem.
, Anaphylaxis - correct answer>> Anaphylaxis is a fast severe immune response to an allergen. Hives,
itching, or wheezing may occur. Anaphylactic shock may cause blood pressure drop; change in heart
rhythms or arrest; and swelling of the lips, tongue, and throat. This problem can be fatal.
Anastomosis - correct answer>> An anastomosis is a surgical connection beteen two blood vessels.
Dialysis needles should not be inserted into the area of the anastomosis in a fistual or graft.
and throwing out any sterile supplies in we, damaged, or torn packages. Peritoneal dialysis exchanges
must be done using aseptic technique to prevent infection. - correct answer>>
And, blood pressure is normal for the patient - not too high or too low. "Target weight" is the goal wight
for a given dialysis treatment and is most often determined by the dry weight. - correct answer>>
Anemia - correct answer>> Anemia is a shortage of oxygen-carrying red blood cells. It causes sever
fatigue, trouble with metal focus, reduced immune function, and many other problems.
Anemia is common in kidney failure due to less erythropoietin, iron deficiency, and loss of blood through
tests and dialysis itself. - correct answer>>
Anesthetic - correct answer>> An anesthetic is a drug that numbs the body to reduce pain. Local
anesthetics can be injected into a spot, such as the skin around a puncture site, before needle
placement. Or, gels or creams can be put on the skin to prevent pain at that site.
Aneurysm - correct answer>> An aneurysm is a ballooning or bulging of a weak spot in a blood vessel.
Severe bleeding can occur if an anerurysm ruptures, so great care must be taken with a patient who has
one. Aneurysms can occur if needles are placed too often into the small area of a fistula.
Angioplasty - correct answer>> Angioplasty is a procedure to open a narrowed blood vessel - stenosis. It
may be used for vascular access repair. A small balloon is threaded through the vessel into the access
and gently inflated to push the walls of the vessel open.
Anion - correct answer>> An anion is a negatively-charged ion.
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