Exam (elaborations)
NR 293 Exam 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2024/2025) (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
- Course
- NR 293/ NR293
- Institution
- Chamberlain College Of Nursing
NR 293 Exam 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (2024/2025) (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
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NR 293 Exam 21.Common cold: Most caused by viral infection: rhinovirus or influenza
-Virus invades tissues causing upper respiratory infection
2.Treatment for common cold: Symptomatic only, not
curative "Empiric therapy"
3.Empiric therapy: Treatment based on experience usually w/o
adequate data to support its use
4.Antihistamines: Compete with histamine for specific
receptor sites Two histamine receptors: H1 and H2
5.H1 (histamine 1): Commonly referred to as antihistamines
Ex: fexofenadine (allegra), Ioratadine (claritin), diphenhydramine
(benedryl)
6.H2 (histamine 2): Used to reduce gastric acid in peptic ulcer disease
7.Properties of antihistamines:
,Antihistaminic Anticholinergic
Sedative
8.Antihistamine MOA: Block action of histamine at H1 receptor sites,
preventing adverse consequences of histamine stimulation
-Cannot push histamine off receptor if already bound
-More effective in preventing actions of histamine rather than reversing
them (should be given early)
9.Adverse consequences of histamine stimulation:
Vasodilation Increased GI and respiratory secretions
Increased capillary permeability
10.Antihistamine uses: Management of:
-Nasal allergies
-Seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
-Allergic reactions
-Motion sickness
,-Parkinson's disease
-Sleep disorders
Relieve symptoms of common cold, sneezing, runny nose
11.Adverse effects of antihistamines: Anticholinergic (drying) effects are
most common
-Dry mouth
-Difficulty urinating
-Constipation
-Changes in vision
Also drowsiness: mild to deep sleep
12.Contraindications of antihistamines: Acute asthma
attacks Lower respiratory diseases (pneumonia)
, 13.Traditional antihistamines: Peripherally and centrally
acting More effective than non-sedating drugs
Ex: Diphenhydramine, bronpheniramine, chlropheniramine,
dimenhydrinate, meclizine, proethazine
14.Non-sedating antihistamines: Peripherally acting
-Eliminate unwanted ASE (sedation)
-Work peripherally to block histamine causing fewer CNS adverse effects
-Longer duration of action (increases compliance)
Ex: Fexofenadine (allegra), Ioratadine (claritin), cetirizine (zyrtec)
15.Antihistamine nursing implications: Assess condition and drug
allergies Report excessive sedation, confusion, hypotension
Avoid driving, alcohol, CNS
depressants Best tolerated with meals
Frequent mouth care, chew gum, suck on hard candy for dry
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