BIO 182 ASU EXAM 1 TEST QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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BIO 182 ASU
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BIO 182 ASU
BIO 182 ASU EXAM 1 TEST QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What would blending inheritance lead to? - Answer-Blending Inheritance would lead to a decrease in genetic diversity/variation. (Not a realistic theory for what is really occurring)
True or False #10: According to the theory of blending...
BIO 182 ASU EXAM 1 TEST
QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What would blending inheritance lead to? - Answer-Blending Inheritance would lead to a
decrease in genetic diversity/variation. (Not a realistic theory for what is really occurring)
True or False #10: According to the theory of blending inheritance, a mating between a
plant that produces round peas and a plant that produces wrinkled peas would result in
offspring that produces slightly wrinkled peas. - Answer-True
Key Point #8 - Answer-Genetic Variation depends on particles that segregate but do not
blend during reproduction. (Something is passing on that can come back; some kind of
trait. Recessive Gene)
What model did Gregor Johann Mendel (1822-1884) to visualize and represent
genotypes and phenotypes? - Answer-Punnet Square! (Capital Letter reps Dominant
Allele; Lower Case Letter reps Recessive Allele)
True or False #11: If some plants with round peas were heterozygotes (Aa), then these
plants should produce offspring with wrinkled peas when mated to plants with wrinkled
peas (aa). - Answer-True! (Aa X aa = 2 Aa and 2 aa)
Why do experiments?:1. Why Replicate observations?2. Why Control conditions?3.
Why Randomize Subjects? - Answer-1. Increases reliability of patterns2. Isolates effects
of certain factors3. Decreases bias from uncontrolled factors
incomplete dominance - Answer-Situation in which one allele is not completely
dominant over another allele
Codiminance - Answer-situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the
phenotype of the organism (spotted cows e.g.)
Probability - Answer-likelihood that a particular event will occur
Will you ever get exactly 75% Dominant phenotype (genotype - AA or Aa) and 25%
recessive phenotype (genotype - aa) with a two heterozygote parents (Aa)? - Answer-
No, because there will always be discrepancy/imperfection is due to random events.
, True or False #12: If two heterozygotes mate to produce two offspring, the chance that
both offspring are homozygous recessive equals 50%. - Answer-False!
What is a P-Value? - Answer-The probability of the observed deviation from the what
we expect or a greater deviation, when the model is correct. (Due to sampling error not
the model, because the model is correct)
Key Point #9 - Answer-A statistical test estimates the probability of obtaining a certain
deviation from predictions based on sampling errors.
1. Why is the yellow pea a dominant allele?2. Why is the green pea recessive? -
Answer-1. The yellow pea contains Pheide a Oxygenase (PAO), an enzyme that breaks
down green color chlorophyll. And it allows for the production of functional pheide a
oxygenase.2. The green peas are recessive alleles, because they have a nonfunctional
pheide a oxygenase that does not break down the green color chlorophyll.
True or False # 13: If a heterozygote (Aa) makes enough enzymes to catalyze as many
reactions as a homozygotes (AA) can, these genotypes would have the same
phenotypes. - Answer-True! In this situation half as much enzymes can still do it, but
may take more time. (Enzymes bind to substrate but never are used up)
Key Point #10 - Answer-Dominance results from biochemical process involving
enzymes associated with the gene.
True or False #14: If a heterozygote (Aa) makes some enzymes, but not enough to
catalyze as many reactions as a homozygote (AA) can, all genotypes would have the
same phenotype (AA=Aa=aa). - Answer-false
True or False #15: If a male fly carries a recessive allele for white eyes, he could have
either white eyes or red eyes. - Answer-false, they would be red
Discrete genes - Answer-traits controlled by a small number of genes, typically just two
alleles. E.G. eye color.
continuous genes - Answer-traits that are controlled by complex gene expressions, with
many different alleles, often times hundreds of different genes play a factor. The
environment can effect these. E.G. height.
Heritability - Answer-The percentage of phenotypic variation determined by the additive
effects of the alleles. E.G. how much will parents' height effect their offspring's height.
True or False #16: A genotype with many alleles that contribute to height will be taller
than a genotype with many alleles that detract from height. - Answer-true!
True or False #16: A mutation on a sex chromosome is more likely to create a novel
phenotype in a male than in a female. - Answer-True! The males only have one "X"
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