Steps in information level design - answer Describing the attributes needed for each
entity as well as the relationships between the entities based on business rules. This
process typically involves creating an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram to visually
represent the database design
User views - answer The specific data needed by a person or process for a particular
task
One-to-Many Relationship - answer Means one record in the table on the "one side of
the relationship can be linked or related to many records in the table on the "many" side
of the relationship
Alternate Key (AK) - answer Is a field that contains unique data for each record in the
table but is not used as the primary key field for security or other reasons
Secondary Key - answer Represents a field or combination of fields that may not me
unique, but is commonly used for retrieval and this should be indexed
Cardinality - answerThe uniqueness of data values contained in a single field
Cartesian Join - answerWhen two tables in a query have no instructions about how to
connect their records, each record in one table connects with each record in the other
table
Composite Entity - answerIn the ERM, the middle entity. An entity in the entity-
relationship model used to implement a many-to-many relationship
Crow's Foot notation - answerUses a symbol on the side of the "many" entity that
resembles a crow's foot. In crow's foot notation, specific attributes for each entity are not
listed within each entity rectangle
Database Design Language (DBDL) - answerA relational-like language that is used to
represent the result of the database design process.
Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) - answerUses rectangles to represent the entities
(tables) and lines to represent the relationships between tables.
Entity-Relationship Model (ERM) - answerUses rectangles for entities and diamonds for
relationships.
, Foreign Key (FK) - answerIs used to connect a records in one table to more information
in another table. A Foreign Key is a field (or collection of fields) in one table that refers
to the Primary Key in another table
Index - answerIs a behind the scenes, system generated copy of a selected field or
fields organized in either ascending or descending order. Separate file that keeps track
of the alphabetical order of the values in a particular field
Junction Table - answerTable that serves on the "many" side of a one-to-many
relationship with each of the two original tables in a many to many relationship
Physical Level Design - answerImplementing the entities, attributes, constraints, and
relationships in a RDBMS
Referential Integrity - answerA rule that prevents orphaned records.
One-To-One Relationships - answerExists between two tables when one record in the
firs table relates to one and only one record in another
Many-To-Many Relationships - answerOccurs when multiple records in a table are
associated with multiple records in another table
ACID - answerAtomicity, consistency, isolation, durability. Defines a set of properties for
a transaction that guarantees its success even in the event of a problem or interruption
in the process
After Image - answerA record of data in the log of what the row looked like after the
update
Atomicity - answerIndivisible, data field must contain only one value that either all
transactions take place or none do
Concurrent Update - answerOccurs when multiple users make updates to the same
database at the same time.
CRUD - answerCreate, Read, Update, Delete processes required in all database
management systems
Data Concurrency - answerMany users can access data at the same time
Data Consistency - answerUsers see consistent view of the data, including real-time
changes made by others
Data Dictionary - answerIt is a read only set of tables that provides information about
the database
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