Exam (elaborations)
ALL OF ESS FOR IB EXAM well answered already passed
- Course
- Institution
ALL OF ESS FOR IB EXAM well answered already passed
[Show more]
Content preview
ALL OF ESS FOR IB EXAMBiochemical oxygen demand (BOD) - correct answer ✔✔Amount of oxygen required by aquatic bacteria
to decompose given load of organic waste; a measure of water pollution.
Biotic index - correct answer ✔✔A measure of water quality that uses the diversity and abundance of
organisms living within it.
Deep water currents - correct answer ✔✔Deep ocean currents are driven by density and temperature
gradients. Thermohaline circulation is also known as the ocean's conveyor belt (which refers to deep
ocean density-driven ocean basin currents).
Eutrophication - correct answer ✔✔excessive richness of nutrients, particularly phosphorus and
nitrogen, in a lake or other body of water, frequently due to runoff from the land, which causes a dense
growth of plant life and death of animal life from lack of oxygen.
Fishery - correct answer ✔✔An area with a large population of valuable ocean organisms;
a commercially harvestable population of fish within a particular ecological region
Indicator species - correct answer ✔✔Species that serve as early warnings that a community or
ecosystem is being degraded.
Water budget - correct answer ✔✔Describes the income and the spending of water in a region;
A summation of inputs, outputs, and net changes to a water system, such as a groundwater basin, or an
entire state, over a fixed period
Water pollution - correct answer ✔✔Any physical or chemical change in surface water or groundwater
that can harm living organisms or make water unfit for certain uses.
surface water - correct answer ✔✔Water above the surface of the land, including lakes, rivers, streams,
ponds, floodwater, and runoff.
,ground water - correct answer ✔✔underground water that is held in the soil and in pervious rocks
hydrology - correct answer ✔✔the study of water and its effects on and in the earth and in the
atmosphere
salination - correct answer ✔✔contamination of soil by salt water;
process in which plants are rendered incapable of growth by salts deposited into topsoil through
continual irrigation
phosphates - correct answer ✔✔Phosphorous-based nutrients commonly found in fertilizers and
pesticides;
can cause serious water quality issues when running into a body of water.
hydroelectric - correct answer ✔✔Electricity generated by flowing water
desalination - correct answer ✔✔The process of obtaining fresh water from salt water by removing the
salt.
upwelling - correct answer ✔✔The movement of cold water upward from the deep ocean that is caused
by wind.
cloud seeding - correct answer ✔✔the scattering of chemicals into clouds to bring about rain
watershed - correct answer ✔✔an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers,
basins, or seas;
An area of land that drains into a river or lake.
el nino - correct answer ✔✔an irregularly occurring and complex series of climatic changes affecting the
equatorial Pacific region and beyond every few years, characterized by the appearance of unusually
warm, nutrient-poor water off northern Peru and Ecuador, typically in late December.
,la nina - correct answer ✔✔"Normal" year, easterly trade winds and ocean currents pool warm water in
the western Pacific, allowing upwelling of nutrient rich water off the West coast of South America.
zone of saturation - correct answer ✔✔Region below Earth's surface where all the pores of a material
are completely filled with groundwater.
turnover time - correct answer ✔✔The time required to replace all water in a system (e.g. groundwater)
through the water cycle in years.
water table - correct answer ✔✔The upper level of the saturated zone of groundwater;
the top of the saturated zone
recharge zone - correct answer ✔✔an area in which water travels downward to become part of an
aquifer;
area above an aquifer
xeriscaping - correct answer ✔✔a method of landscaping that uses plants that are well adapted to the
local area and are drought resistant;
landscaping using native plants, which minimize the need for additional water
potable water - correct answer ✔✔Water that is safe for humans to drink
grey water - correct answer ✔✔water that can be used for a second time (e.g. bath water used to water
the garden).
black water - correct answer ✔✔Water that contains animal, human or food waste and would not be
reused for other purposes
effluent - correct answer ✔✔the waste from a range of human activities that is discharged into water
bodies
hatchery - correct answer ✔✔place for hatching eggs of fish, hens, etc
, phytoplankton - correct answer ✔✔Microscopic, free-floating, autotrophic organisms that function as
producers in aquatic ecosystems
turbidity - correct answer ✔✔A measure of how clear water is.
algae bloom - correct answer ✔✔Rapid increase in the population of algae in an aquatic system usually
due to an abundance of nutrients: sometimes lowers water's DO.
spawning - correct answer ✔✔method of reproduction in fishes and some other animals where a large
number of eggs are fertilized outside of the body
carrying capacity - correct answer ✔✔Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment
can support
raceway - correct answer ✔✔also known as a flow-through system, is an artificial channel used in
aquaculture to culture aquatic organisms
dissolved oxygen - correct answer ✔✔oxygen dissolved in water, dissolved oxygen is important for fish
and other aquatic animals
non-point source pollution - correct answer ✔✔Pollution that enters a body of water from a large area,
such as lawns, farms, construction sites, and roads;
water pollution that does not have a specific point of origin
point source pollution - correct answer ✔✔Pollutants discharged from a single identifiable location (e.g.,
pipes, ditches, channels, sewers, tunnels, containers of various types).
leaching - correct answer ✔✔removal of dissolved materials from soil by water moving downwards
through soil.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller BravelRadon. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $21.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
78112 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now