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NURA 308 – RESPIRATORY FINAL EXAM LATEST UPDATED
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NURA 308 – RESPIRATORY FINAL EXAM LATEST UPDATED...
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NURA 308 – RESPIRATORY FINAL EXAMLATEST UPDATED
Preventable and treatable chronic respiratory disease resulting in
decreased gas exchange and trapping of air inside the body and
increased CO2 in the body
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
signs and symptoms of COPD
emphysema and chronic bronchitis
-low O2 is expected
signs and symptoms of emphysema
-pink skin, pursed lips
-barrel chest
-no chronic cough
-tripoding
signs and symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis
-big blue skin
-chronic cough and sputum
-crackles and wheezing
-peripheral edema
Risk factors of COPD
smoking/ exposure to smoking
car mechanics
increased age
deadly complications of COPD
-hypoxemic respritory failure= low O2
-hypercapnic respritory failure = high CO2
ABG of COPD pts
pH less than 7.35
PaCO2 high over 45
PaO2 below 80
Respiratory Acidosis
COPD diet
,-oral hygiene before meals
-small frequent meals high in protien
-avoid carbs, exercise before eating, gassy foods and carbonated drinks,
broccoli beans
COPD nursing care
-Maintain airway clearance
-Postural drainage
-pursed lip breathing & diaphragmatic breathing
-Promote self-care
-Promote fluids to break up secretions
-Improve activity intolerance; determine best times to complete ADLS—
some patients may have more trouble in the morning due to secretions
building up at night
-monitor for cognitive changes, increasing dyspnea, tachypnea, and
tachycardia, which may indicate increasing hypoxemia and impending
respiratory failure.
-Monitor pulse Ox to assess the need for O2; admin supplemental O2 if
needed
-Pneumonia vaccine—COPD at higher risk for infection
pt education COPD
-increase fluid intake
-avoid drinking while eating
-No ADLs first thing in the morning
-report increase sputum fever and worsening dyspnea
-Pneumococcal every 5 years and flu vax every year
-use albuterol for SOB
Oxygen Admin Devices
Low-flow systems
high-flow system
nasal cannnula
-Flow: 1 - 6 L/min
-can dry out mucos membranes
simple mask
-8-11 L/min
-must remove to eat
Partial rebreather mask
-10-15 L/min
-must remove to eat
, non rebreather mask
-10-15 L/min
-used for carbonmonoxide poisoning
Venturi mask
-1/4-4L/min
-most precise
face tent
-8-10 L/min
-good for humidity
Pt education Home O2 therapy
-keep away from flame
oxygen toxicity
A condition of excessive oxygen consumption resulting in cellular and
tissue damage.
- tachypnea/cardia
- restless
-confusion
-pallor
-HTN
Asthma
A chronic allergic disorder characterized by episodes of severe
breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing.
signs and symptoms of asthma
-use of accessory muscles
-SOB and dyspnea
-tight chest and tachypnea
-high pitched wheezing
-absent breath sounds
-acidosis
-air trapping
pt educations triggers
-allergens
-smoking
-stress
-strenuous activity
medication to avoid
-nsaids
-beta blockers
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