PNB 2XB3 - Auditory System Study Guide with Complete Solutions
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Course
PNB 2XB3
Institution
PNB 2XB3
PNB 2XB3 - Auditory System Study
Guide with Complete Solutions
Sound waves are ___; compression is __ of a wave, rarefaction is ___ - Answer-
longitudinal - move like a slinky; top; bottom
Period - Answer-the time taken for one up-down cycle (wavelength)
Wavelength - Answer-the distance b/w tw...
- 8th cranial nerve/auditory nerve: nerve goes up the brainstem and enters the rostral
medulla
- medulla has 2 nuceli: dorsal cochlear nucleus (has axons that decussate at the
medulla and go to the midbrain; midbrain axons go to the auditory/medial geniculate
thalamus); ventral cochlear nucleus (has axons that go to the pons - next most rostral
part of the brainstem)
- axons terminate bilaterally - affect both hemispheres (bilateral projections)
Auditory Cortex - Answer✔✔-- there is tonotopic representations - different
frequencies activate different neurons in the auditory cortex (like visuotopic
representation)
- higher frequencies correspond with base of cochlea
- lower frequencies corresopnd with apex of cochlea
- humans can hear between 20-20000 Hz
The superior olivary complex contains 2 nuclei for sound localization - Answer✔✔-
lateral superior olive (LSO) and medial superior olive (MSO)
LSO - Answer✔✔-- monitors intensity differences for high-frequency sound
- head blocks frequencies that have wavelengths smaller than the head - produces a
sound shadow (in humans - higher than 2kHz)
2/8
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