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PNB 2XB3 - Neural Development Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions

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PNB 2XB3 - Neural Development Exam Study Guide with Complete Solutions Mitosis - Answer-process of one cell dividing in two (Embryonic) Stem Cells - Answer-precursors to all types of cells Pluripotent - Answer-potential to become any type of cell Ectoderm - Answer-brain and skin (outer layer) ...

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  • October 7, 2024
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EmillyCharlotte
EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YAER
©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024

PNB 2XB3 - Neural Development Exam
Study Guide with Complete Solutions

Mitosis - Answer✔✔-process of one cell dividing in two


(Embryonic) Stem Cells - Answer✔✔-precursors to all types of cells

Pluripotent - Answer✔✔-potential to become any type of cell

Ectoderm - Answer✔✔-brain and skin (outer layer)

Mesoderm - Answer✔✔-muscle, blood, bone, cartilage (middle layer)

Germline - Answer✔✔-sperm and eggs

Endoderm - Answer✔✔-lung, gut, and liver (inside layer)

Day 18 of gestation - Answer✔✔-neural plate develops

Neuroectoderm - Answer✔✔-in the ectoderm; becomes the nervous system

Neurulation - Answer✔✔-formation of the neural tube that becomes the nervous

system

Day 20 of gestation - Answer✔✔-neural groove develops; part of the mesoderm

becomes somites which become bones

Floorplate - Answer✔✔-the midline part of the neural tube (lines the neural tube)

Day 22 of gestation - Answer✔✔-development of the neural tube

Roofplate - Answer✔✔-closes the tube and lines it with the floorplate; facilitates

differentiation of cells
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, EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YAER
©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024
Day 24 of gestation - Answer✔✔-beginnings of the CNS (neural tube), PNS (neural

crest), skeleton and axial muscles (somites)

Spina bifida - Answer✔✔-neural tube fails to close caudally

- risk factor: insufficient folate (vitamin B9) consumption during pregnancy - needed for

production of DNA and RNA and for mitosis

- exposed nerves can result in infection, affect bladder and bowel function, and

paralysis

Spina bifida occulta - Answer✔✔-more mild form of spina bifida where nerves don't

protrude through skin - often no symptoms

Anencephaly - Answer✔✔-neural tube fails to close rostrally

- risk factor: insufficient folate consumption during pregnancy

- most of the brain doesn't form - baby typically doesn't live long after birth

Neurogenesis - Answer✔✔-- G1 - nucleus is near ventricular surface (neural tube

lumen)

- S stage - nucleus and surrounding cytoplasm move toward pial surface

- G2 - cell grows, nucleus moves toward lumen again

- mitosis - cell breaks from pial surface, divides into 2

Symmetrical division - Answer✔✔-makes 2 neural stem cells

Asymmetrical division - Answer✔✔-makes one neuroblast (immature neural cell) and

one progenitor cell with limited mitotic potential




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