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ASCP MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE (MLS) EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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ASCP MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE(MLS) EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Which organism is MOST likely responsible for septic reactions
associated with Red Blood Cell transfusions? Correct Answer
Yersina entercolitica is most likely responsible for septic reactions
in transfusions of Red Blood Cells. This organism is usually
acquired by ingestion of contaminated food and causes mild
symptoms of abdominal pain and diarrhea. Growth of Y.
entercolitica is enhanced in iron-rich environments such as red
cell components.
Gaucher's disease Correct Answer The most common lysosomal
storage disease caused by insufficient activity of the lysosomal
enzyme glucocerebrosidase that leads to the deposition of
glucocerebroside in cells of the macrophage-monocyte system.
Diseases associated with dysfunctions of polymorphonuclear
neutrophils (PMNs) Correct Answer Chediak-Higashi syndrome
(CH), Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), Myeloperoxidase
deficiency (MPO)
Nephrotic Syndrome: Correct Answer Caused by damage to the
kidneys, especially the basement membrane of the glomerulus;
which causes abnormal excretion of protein and red blood cells in
the urine. Fats are also present in the urine in most cases. A
foamy appearance of the urine is a key characteristic of this
condition.
Clinical symptoms include:
Swelling
Weight gain from fluid retention
Poor appetite
,High blood pressure
Key Biochemical reactions for Enterobacteriaceae: Correct
Answer The key biochemical reactions by which the family
Enterobacteriaceae can be identified include fermentation of
carbohydrates, reduction of nitrates to nitrites and the absence of
cytochrome oxidase activity.
Prozone effect: Correct Answer Results in a false positive
reaction; is the result of antibody excess and dilution of antibody
can help prevent its occurrence
Purpose of a bi-chromatic analyzer with dual wavelengths is:
Correct Answer Minimize the effect of interference
Key characteristics of Micrococcus: Correct Answer Susceptible
to bacitracin ("A") and resistant to furazolidone; gram positive
cocci in tetras, bacteria cells of micrococcus luteus are larger than
those of the staphylococci and can arrange in tetras
What is the glomerular filtration rate for a patient with a serum
creatinine of 2 mg/dL, if the urine creatinine was 124 mg/dL and
the urine volume was 2.2 L/24 hrs? Correct Answer 95 mL/min
One method of calculating a glomerular filtration rate is using
creatinine and urine volume to determine creatinine clearance.
The equation is as follows:
Creatinine Clearance = (urine creatinine X urine flow rate) /
plasma creatinine; where urine flow rate = volume in mL /24 hours
x h/60 min)
In this case = creatinine clearance = 124 X (2200/24 x hour/60) /
2 = 94.7 or 95 ml/min
,Estrogen and progesterone markers are most commonly used to
provide prognostic information about: Correct Answer Breast
cancer
The prozone effect ( when performing a screening titer) is most
likely to result in: Correct Answer Prozone effect (due to antibody
excess) will result in an initial false negative in spite of the large
amount of antibody in the serum, followed by a positive result as
the specimen is diluted.
Which of the following Rh antigens is found the highest frequency
in the Caucasian population:
A. C
B. E
C. c
D. e Correct Answer D. e
The accuracy of an immunoassay is its ability to discriminate
between results that are true positives and results that are true
negatives. Two parameters of test accuracy are specificity and
sensitivity. Which of these statements apply to an immunoassay
with high specificity, but low sensitivity? Correct Answer
Accurately identifies the absence of disease and has few false-
positives
A test with high specificity accurately detects the absence of
disease. The more specific a test is, the fewer false-positive
results will occur. A test with high sensitivity accurately identifies
the presence of disease. The more sensitive a test, the fewer
false-negative results it produces. In the case stated in this
question, the immunoassay has high specificity, so it has few
false-positives and will accurately detect those individuals who do
not have the disease or condition that is being tested for.
However, the test has low sensitivity, so it may not identify all
, individuals who actually have the disease; it may produce many
false-negative results.
Distinguishing characteristics of Micrococcus luteus: Correct
Answer Resistance to furazolidone is one of the key
characteristics by which members of the genus Micrococcus
(resistant) can be separated from members of the genus
Staphylococcus (susceptible). Micrococcus species also are
susceptible to novobiocin and to bacitracin, although the zone of
inhibition to the "A" disk is often small (as shown in this
photograph).
The sickling phenomenon observed in erythrocytes containing
hemoglobin S may be induced by which of the following? Correct
Answer Reducing agents actually induce the sickling
phenomenon in RBCs when they contain hemoglobin S.
If an autologous blood donor weighs 35 kg, how much blood can
be collected for later transfusion? Correct Answer 315 mL
Volume to draw = (Donor's weight in kilograms / 50 kg (minimum
weight requirement) x 450 mL (volume of unit to be donated)
In this case, Volume to draw = (35 kg / 50 kg) x 450 mL = 315 mL
Which adipokine is decreased in obesity, is anti-inflammatory, and
increases insulin sensitivity? Correct Answer Adiponectin is a
protective cytokine. This cytokine is anti-inflammatory and
increases insulin sensitivity. Adiponectin is usually decreased in
obesity.
Distinguishing characteristics of Mycobacterium fortuitum: Correct
Answer Mycobacterium fortuitum is positive for iron uptake,
nitrate, arysulfatase, and growth on MacConkey agar without
crystal violet in five days.
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