observable features - ANSWERIn Behaviorism, the general theory about behavior states that the determinants of behavior can best be identified by studying its what?
The Experimental Analysis of Behavior - ANSWERThe study of basic learning processes involving interactions between observable featur...
observable features - ANSWERIn Behaviorism, the general theory about behavior states that the
determinants of behavior can best be identified by studying its what?
The Experimental Analysis of Behavior - ANSWERThe study of basic learning processes involving
interactions between observable features of behavior and the environment
Applied Behavior Analysis - ANSWERApplication of learning principles to improve behavior, combined
with evaluation of whether observed changes are a function of the procedures applied
Medicine circa early 1800s - ANSWERAssessment: Observe symptoms, interview patient
Hypothesis generation: tentative guess about causation
Treatment: elimination of presumed cause
Bernard's model - ANSWERKnown: determinants of normal states of living (physiology)
*Assessment: attempts to reproduce disease states via disruptions in normal physiology
Therapeutics: identify agents that reverse the course of disease
"EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS IS OUR ONLY MEANS OF SEARCHING FOR TRUTH"
Cameron (1944) - ANSWER"All current attempts at classification... are unsatisfactory; this is true for
the neuroses as well as for the psychoses"
"No casual organisms have been identified; hence, we cannot fall back on them as we can in the
specific infectious diseases"
"It is important... to realize that psychiatric classifications are not based upon final and convincing
scientific evidence"
Basic research on "normal" behavior - ANSWERRespondent (Classical) Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
, Translational Research - ANSWERExperimental Neuroses
Human Operant Conditioning
Treatment of Abnormal Behavior - ANSWERBehavior Therapy
Applied Behavior Analysis
Ivan Sechonov - ANSWERSpinal reflexes
Ivan Pavlov - ANSWERDigestive reflexes; experimental study of environmental influences on motor
reflexes (role of antecedent events)
Vladimir Bechterev - ANSWERMuscular reflexes
John Watson - ANSWERExtended work on reflexes, experimental neuroses, coined term
"Behaviorism"
Edward Thorndike - ANSWERStudied development of adaptive behavior (problem solving) in
nonhumans, coined term "instrumental behavior" in reference to behavior that produced useful
consequences, proposed "Law of effect"
B. F. Skinner - ANSWERDistinguished between respondent (reflexive) and operant (instrumental)
learning, conducted definitive research on learning processes, extended learning principles as a
general theory to account for most human activity
Experimental Neuroses - ANSWERPavlov: Disruption of learned reflexes in dogs (shock)
Watson & Rayner: "Little Albert" (loud noise in presence of furry object)
Wolpe: Production and elimination of fearful reactions in cats
Human Operant Conditioning - ANSWERFuller: Operant conditioning of a vegetative organism
Bijou: Operant behavior in young children, mental retardation
Lindsley: Cooperative behavior in schizophrenics
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