Laboratory Animal Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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Course
Laboratory Animal Technician
Institution
Laboratory Animal Technician
Veterinarian Responsibilities - Answer-- provide vet care
- management of facilities
- education of individuals using animals
- assist scientists in selection of animal model
- obtaining and interpreting quality data
- compliance with regulations and policies
Veterinary Technician - Answer-...
Laboratory Animal Exam Questions with
Correct Answers
Veterinarian Responsibilities - Answer-- provide vet care
- management of facilities
- education of individuals using animals
- assist scientists in selection of animal model
- obtaining and interpreting quality data
- compliance with regulations and policies
Veterinary Technician - Answer-work under supervision of vet; provide technical support
- disease detection
- treatment of ill animals
- blood and tissue collection
- sentinel program
- compliance
- technical assistance, surgery, advanced techniques
Sentinel Animal/Program - Answer-- an animal deliberately placed in a particular
environment to detect the presence of an infectious agent, such as a virus
Animals Used in Biomedical Research - Answer-provided advances in medicine and
science
- vaccines
- drugs and antibiotics
- treatment methods
- surgical and diagnostic procedure
Animals Used in Product Safety Testing - Answer-- untested products led to human
deaths
- passage of Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Definition of Lab Animal? - Answer-- any vertebrate animal (e.g., traditional laboratory
animals, agricultural animals, wildlife, and aquatic species) produced for or used in
research, teaching or testing
Animal Use - Answer-- 26 million mice and rats used yearly
- Mice and Rats account for 95% of animals
- dogs, cats and primates account for <1%
What percentage of mice and rats are used for lab animal use? - Answer-95%
What percentage of dogs, cats and primates are used for lab animal use? - Answer-
<1%
,Passage of which law led to product safety testing? - Answer-Food, Drug & Cosmetic
Act
Funding Sources - Answer-- the primary public granting agency for biomedical research
is the NIH (National Institute of Health)
Regulatory Oversight - Answer-- Multiple levels of regulation
* International (CITES)
* Federal (USDA Animal Welfare Act 1966)
* Animal Care Policies
* State
* Voluntary
> Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care
International (AAALAC)
What is the primary publication used by AAALAC for evaluation? - Answer-Guide for the
Care and Use of Laboratory Animals
IACUC - Answer-Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
- review animal welfare concerns
- has the authority to oversee the "animal program, facilities and procedures"
- focus on humane endpoints and optimal care of animals
- authorized to suspend
activities using animals
- reports directly to the I.O.
Humane Endpoints - Answer-in place to minimize pain and distress as much as
possible
i.e.,
- defined % of weight loss or tumor size
- presence of labored breathing
- inability to ambulate (walk, move about)
What do Protocols include? - Answer-detailed written description of:
- proposed animal care and use
- justifies use of animals
- not a duplication
- staff have adequate training
- alternatives have been considered
Ethical Considerations - Answer-- The 3 R's proposed by Russell and Burch
Replacement
Refinement
Reduction
,Replacement - Answer-- replace with a non-animal alternative
*in vitro methods
*computer based simulators
*using least sentient animal that will enable good data collection (rat vs. dog)
*utilize special rodents, such as nude and transgenic mice
Refinement - Answer-- procedures to lessen pain and distress and enhance animal
well-being
* less invasive procedures
* providing pain relief
* environmental enrichment
* decrease restraint time
* anesthesia
* analgesia
Reduction - Answer-- utilizing the minimal # of animals in a study
What are the 3 R's? - Answer-1. Replacement
2. Refinement
3. Reduction
Prior to use of animals, a protocol must be approved by which committee? - Answer-
IACUC - Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
Animal Rights definition - Answer-- animals have same equality and protection as
humans
Animal Welfare definition - Answer-- animals can be used but must be treated humanely
- animals physical and psychological well-being is met
Random Source Animals - Answer-- obtain from USDA Class B dealers
* individual owners or breeders
* pounds and animal shelters
- desirable attributes
* genetically diverse, size
* sociable and tractable
- concern
* previous pet
* animal may have been diverted differently than owner intended
Purpose Bred Animals - Answer-- obtained from USDA Class A dealers or privately
owned research colonies
- bred and raised specifically for research
- desirable characteristics
* more genetically similar
* uniquely aged
, * fewer health problems
* accustomed to cage life
Nonhuman Primate Use - Answer-- accounts for <1% of USDA regulated animals
- usage has moral and ethical implications
- should be utilized only when another animal model cannot be used
- chimpanzees
* served an important role in advancing human health (polio and hepatitis B vaccines)
AALAS - Answer-American Association for Laboratory Animal Science
- nonprofit
- promotes education
- certifies trained technicians
ASLAP - Answer-American Society of Laboratory Animal Practitioners
- organization where DVM's can exchange ideas, knowledge and experiences
- spokesperson for laboratory animal practitioners within the AVMA
- encourages training
ACLAM - Answer-American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine
- sponsors annual meetings
- develops educational material
- certification of Veterinary specialists
FBR - Answer-Foundation for Biomedical Research
- promotes public understanding and support for humane and responsible animal
research
- provides info to teachers, students, media, general public about the essential need for
lab animals
ILAR - Answer-Institute for Laboratory Animal Research
- develops guidelines
- responsible for creation and publication of "the Guide"
Who published the 3 R's? - Answer-Russell and Burch in 1959
Committee membership of IACUC - Answer-- DVM
- practicing Scientist
- non-scientific background
- public member
According to the AWA, what is the minimum number of IACUC members? - Answer-3
How can animal #'s be reduced? - Answer-- by using computer-based simulators
- employing better statistical methods
- running multiple study groups against the control group(s)
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