Exam (elaborations)
NU 412 Test 4 Questions And 100% Correct Answers
- Course
- Institution
NU 412 Test 4 Questions And 100% Correct Answers...
[Show more]
Content preview
NU 412 Test 4 Questions And 100% Correct Answerswhat are the diagnostic labs you have to have to be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus?
-ANSWER A1C >6.5, Fasting glucose > 126, Oral glucose tolerance test >200
what are S&S of hypoglycemia? -ANSWER shaking, tachycardia, sweating, dizzy,
anxious, hungry, blurry vision, weakness, headache, irritability
what are S&S of hyperglycemia? -ANSWER extreme thirst, blurry vision, drowsy, dry
skin, need to urinate often, slow healing wounds, hungry
how do you dx DKA? -ANSWER BG >250, metabolic acidosis, positive serum ketones,
anion gap >20
what are S&S of DKA? -ANSWER polyuria, N/V, anorexia, met acidosis, ketonuria,
Kussmals respirations, acetone/fruity breath, altered mental status, tachycardia
how do you tx DKA? -ANSWER strict I&O, regular IV insulin, D5W or D5NS or 1/2 NS,
monitor and replace K as needed, monitor EKG
what are S&S of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS)? -ANSWER BG >600, serum
osmolality >310, no acidosis, anion gap normal, profound dehydration, tachycardia,
hypotension, increased BUN, no ketosis, altered mental status, anorexia, polydipsia,
N/V
how do you tx HHS? -ANSWER fluid replacement!, insulin and electrolyte replacement
as ordered
what is the earliest clinical evidence of renal failure/nephropathy in diabetic patients?
-ANSWER microalbuminuria
, Biguanides (metformin)-what are they? ANSWER decreases liver glucose production
and improves insulin action on peripheral tissue/increases insulin sensistivity; 1st line
drug for diabetes, does NOT cause hypoglycemia, do not give with contrast dye,
contraindicated in renal failure
Glitazones/TZDs (pioglitazone, rosiglitazone)-what are they? ANSWER increase
peripheral insulin sensitivity, does NOT cause hypoglycemia, risk for MI, monitor LFTs,
BBW for causing CHF; treats diabetes
What are sulfonylureas (glipizide, glimepride)? - ANSWER stimulates insulin secretion in
patients who have some beta cell function; cause hypoglycemia* and weight gain;
caution in liver failure, elderly, and CVD
What are GLP-1 receptor agonists (liraglutide, dulaglutide, semaglutide, tirzepatide)? -
ANSWER treat diabetes, delay gastric emptying, improve postprandial hyperglycemia
by stimulating insulin production; cause weight loss, no hypoglycemia, BBW for thyroid
cancer*
DPP-4 inhibitors: sitagliptin, linagliptin Meglitinides Prolong incretin effect; stimulate the
production of insulin Treats diabetes Do not give with liver failure
SGLT2 inhibitors: canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin Lower BG through
urinary excretion of glucose Cause weight loss No hypoglycemia Causes UTI and genital
infections Contraindicated in renal failure and DM1, BBW for amputations
hypothyroidism-what is it? -ANS low T3 and T4, high TSH; decreased metabolism; can
progress to a myxedema coma (rare and life-threatening); treat with lifelong synthetic
T4 (levothyroxine); low fat low cholesterol low calorie diet, rest
myxedema coma-what is it? -ANS rare life-threatening condition due to uncontrolled
hypothyroidism; S&S of hypothermia, decreased LOC, severely decreased metabolism,
respiratory depression, cardiovascular collapse; treat with IV levothyroxine
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Easton. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
80189 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now