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Exam 3 Study Guide Pharm DCN

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  • October 8, 2024
  • 14
  • 2024/2025
  • Class notes
  • Sue gronka
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lealopus53
HTN Meds

What are the classes of drugs that treat HTN?

 Diuretics
 ACE Inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors)
 ARBS (angiotensin receptor blockers)
 Adrenergic Drugs
 CCBS (Calcium Channel Blockers)
 Vasodilators
 Direct Renin Inhibitors

How do each of the classes decrease BP?

 Diuretics
o “Water Pill” 1st choice of new diagnosis of HTN
 ACE Inhibitors
o Slows down aldosterone
 ARBS
o Works by blocking angiotensin II & stop vasoconstriction & aldosterone
 Adrenergic Drugs
o Decrease nor-epinephrine – inhibits sympathetic response  Vasoconstriction, HR,
Contractibility = decrease BP
 CCBS
o Relax muscles/ allows vessels to dilate
 Vasodilators
o Relaxes and vasodilates to decrease BP
 Direct Renin Inhibitors

What is the black box warning for ACE inhibitors?

 Fetal Toxicity

What electrolyte do you have to monitor with ACE inhibitors?

 Potassium levels (5mEq/ml)

What are the 4 main adverse effects associated with ACE inhibitors?

 Dry nonproductive cough
 Hyperkalemia
 1st dose hypotension
 Angioedema

What happens when you take ACE inhibitors with NSAIDS?

 May lead to liver or renal toxicity
  risk of: Hyperkalemia, hypotension, and renal failure

How would you educate pts about potassium and ACE inhibitors?

,  Don’t eat excessive amounts of foods high in potassium (avocado, oranges, bananas, low-fat
milk)
 Don’t stop abruptly
 Monitor BP with journal @ same time everyday
 Be careful when standing up
 Do not get pregnant (use birth control)

Why do you have to be concerned with renal stenosis and ARBs?

 ARBs can upset the kidneys, especially if the blood vessels to your kidneys are narrowed

What adverse effects do you have if you stop BP meds abruptly?

 Rebound Hypertension

What adverse effects can you have with the first dose of HTN medications?

 Hypotension (dizzy, faint), syncope, reflex tachycardia

What HTN meds can be given as a patch and how do you educate patients about the patch?

 Clonidine (A2 Agonist)
o Keep in place for 1 week (with adhesive patch on)
o Rotate Sites: (chest, back of upper arm)
o Dry, Intact Skin
o NO MRI

What would be a contraindication for giving a Beta blocker for HTN?

 Pregnancy, Bradycardia, Respiratory Dz

What adverse effects would you anticipate when giving a Beta blocker for HTN?

 Bradycardia or heart block, Mask Hypoglycemia S/S

In What situation is it appropriate to give labetalol?

 HTN Crisis, pregnancy HTN

What would be two reasons not to give an ordered BP medication to a pt?

 Low Heart Rate (<60)
 Low BP (<90/60)

What are 4 Calcium Channel Blockers?

 Amlodipine
 Verapamil
 Diltiazem
 Nifedipine
 Nicardipine

What is a common adverse effect of Calcium Channel Blockers

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