Exam (elaborations)
ICM IV - Neurology Exam 2
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ICM IV - Neurology Exam 2 ICM IV - Neurology Exam 2 ICM IV - Neurology Exam 2
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ICM IV - Neurology Exam 2What neurologic disease is this?
dyemyelinating and axonal autoimmune disease that is characterized by episodes of focal disorder of
the CNS.
this disease mainly affects (white/grey) matter - VERIFIED ANSWER MS
white
MS Epidemiology
(young/old)
(white/non-white)
(women/men) - VERIFIED ANSWER young
white
women
MS is predominantly due to (t/b) cell response - VERIFIED ANSWER T
Dysfunction in the BBB allows the activated cells to cross into the CNS attacking myelin
match the types of MS: primary progressive, and relapsing-remitting MS
a. deficits or symptoms come and go like flares, most amendable to treatment
b. 10%, associated with spastic gait - VERIFIED ANSWER a. relapsing-remitting MS
b. primary progressive
,A patient comes in and says "one time i got really tingly and then it got better, but I still feel it!"
which of the following would you not see on an neurologic exam
-hyperreflexia
-spasticity
-Lhermittes
- RAPD
-optic disc edema
- flexor plantar responses - VERIFIED ANSWER flexor plantar responses --> extensor
the highest yield for diagnosis of MS is (CT/MRI) (with/without) contrast - VERIFIED ANSWER MRI
with
(MS/NMO) is a b-cell mediated disease - VERIFIED ANSWER NMO
match the following: neuromyelitis optica, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
a febrile illness in pediatrics that leads to a demyelination change
b. transverse myelitis and often bilateral optic neuritis - VERIFIED ANSWER a. ADEM
b. NMO
a patient presents with vision changes and paresthesias, you do an MRI and it is normal. Next you do a
lumbar puncture and find Aquaporin-4 ab. What disease is this - VERIFIED ANSWER Neuromyelitis
Optica (NMO) Devic's Disease
,wernicke-korsakoff syndrome is associated with deficiency of what d/t what? - VERIFIED ANSWER B1
(thiamine)
alcohol use
AMS, hallucinate (confabulation), gait disturbances, ophthalmoplegia is associated with.... - VERIFIED
ANSWER wernicke-korsakoff syndrome
a patient has autoimmune gastritis, what deficiency will they develop?
their neurologic symptoms
(proximal/distal) (motor/sensory) loss
(LMN/UMN) myelopathy and MS - VERIFIED ANSWER b12
distal sensory
UMN
a patient on isonazid for TB is have some sensory ataxia problems, what nutrient might be depleted -
VERIFIED ANSWER b6
Dementia, dermatitis, and diarrhea are related with what nutrient deficiency? - VERIFIED ANSWER
Niacin
true/false: vitamin K causes neurologic symptoms and neuropathy - VERIFIED ANSWER false
No neurologic symptoms, but coagulopathy may result in ICH
true/false: hypokalemia does not have CNS manifestations but can cause weakness - VERIFIED ANSWER
true
, both hypernatremia and hyponatremia cause MS changes and seizures, but (hyper/hypo)natremia can
result in osmotic demyelination - VERIFIED ANSWER hypo
a pregnant patient is being treated for eclampsia, what neurological symptoms might she have due to
her treatment? - VERIFIED ANSWER reduced reflexed, lethargy
-mg is tx
what electrolyte disturbance resembles hypocalcemia - VERIFIED ANSWER hypomagnesium
(hyper/hypo)calcemia causes tetany
-chvostek sign, carpopedal, stridor (larynx), opithotonas (trunk) - VERIFIED ANSWER hypo
hyperparathyroidism ---> (hyper/hypo)calcemia - VERIFIED ANSWER hyper
(MS changes, cramps, weakness)
(hyper/hypo)glycemia can cause seizures - VERIFIED ANSWER hypo
true/false: asterixis is called liver flap due to the beating of the hands and/or feet, and it is only seen in
liver disease - VERIFIED ANSWER false, seen in renal disease too
what CNS infection are patients with renal disease ML to get? - VERIFIED ANSWER listeria
monocytogenes
what is posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome - VERIFIED ANSWER Accelerated HTN
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