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IBHRE (Pharmacology)questions and answers graded A+ 2025/2026
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IBHRE (Pharmacology)questions and answers graded A+ 2025/2026
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IBHRE (Pharmacology)Vaughan Williams Classification
(SoBePoCa)
Class I - Sodium blocking off
Class II - Beta blockers
Class III - Potassium blockading
Class IV - Calcium blocking
Class I affect on AP
Ia. (moderately) blocks rapid sodium contemporary via prolonging AP duration and
refractoriness, decreases conduction pace (shifts AP)
Ib. (vulnerable) sodium channel blocker, shortens AP duration, decreases refractoriness
Ic. (sturdy) powerful sodium inhibitor considerably depresses AP conduction speed (tilts AP)
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Brainpower
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Class Ia capsules
Double Quarter Pounder
Disopyramide
Quinidine
Procainamide
Class Ib capsules
Lettuce pickle tomato mustard
Lidocaine
Phenytoin
, Tocainide
Mexilitine
Class Ic drugs
"Fries Please"
Flecainide
Propafenone
Moricizine
Class Ia issues
can be proarrhythmic
Quinidine tiers expanded with the aid of amiodarone
Class IB issues
extreme CNS facet effects, suppresses PVCs, lidocaine is powerful for VTs
Class Ic concerns
Flecainide used for AF/AFL to slow HR but has strong proarrhythmic impact on re-entrant
arrhythmias. Not indicated for patients with SHD
Class II
Beta blockers. Blocks sympathetic beta receptors and reduces automaticity of SA Node
Class II Considerations
would not continually suppress arrhythmias but most secure, slows AV conduction, blunts
arrhythmogenic movements of catecholamines, used for computerized and re-entrant
rhythms, no affect to AP
Class II Drugs
usually ends in "ol" (with exception of sotalol)
Class III
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