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RNSG 2432 - Cirrhosis/ Hepatitis Questions With Complete Solutions
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RNSG 2432 - Cirrhosis/ Hepatitis Questions With Complete Solutions
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RNSG 2432 - Cirrhosis/ Hepatitis Questions With CompleteSolutions
Compare and contrast risk factors associated with hepatitis and
cirrhosis. Correct Answer Hepatitis = drug/alcohol abuse, toxic
ingestion,viral by contact through bodily secretions, contact with
contaminated food/water, fat buildup (NASH), trauma,
autoimmune disease (Wilsons)
Cirrhosis = typed by risk factors Post necrotic; Hepatitis,
Alcoholic Cirrhosis;
Laennec's, metabolic changes in liver, particularly fat
Biliary; obstructive
Cardiac: right side heart failure
Drug induced: INH, rifampin, Tylenol
Consider the etiology, pathophysiology and related signs and
symptoms of both. Correct Answer Hepatitis=
Patho;Inflammation, Hepatic cell necrosis,
Proliferation/enlargement Kupffer cells, Cholestasis,
Regeneration. SS; with acute you have Anorexia, N/V, RUQ
pain, Bowel irregularity, Malaise, HA, Fever, Arthralgias,
Uticaria, Weight loss, Jaundice, Hepatomegaly, Splenomegaly,
Pruritus, Dark urine, Bilirubinuria, Light stools, Fatigue. with
chronic you have Malaise, Easy fatigability, Hepatomegaly
Cirrhosis= Patho;Caused by destruction of liver cells, fibrosis
and nodule formation restricting blood and bile flow , Normal
hepatic blood pressure is near zero. Restriction of blood flow in
liver dysfunction causes hypertension, and blood will attempt to
find other pathways, bypass liver, Results in significant
, impairment of liver function, 80% destroyed before signs and
symptoms, Liver can regenerate itself if good nutrition, rest, and
no alcohol. S&S: Liver enlarged, Dull pain RUQ, Weakness,
Anorexia, Skin, Sclera, Portal HTN, Splenomegaly, Ascites,
Esophageal varices, Hepatic encephalopathy, Hepatorenal
Syndrome, Liver failure.
Describe the following complications of cirrhosis in relation to
the pathophysiology, manifestations, and treatment of:
a) Portal HTN
b) Spenomegaly Correct Answer a) Fibrous connective tissue
in the liver disrupt blood and bile flow = restrictive blood flow
from the inferior vena cava & compression of the portal &
hepatic veins
- Blood flow is obstructed, increasing pressure in the veins
- Veins in the esophagus, rectum and abdomen become
engorged/congested, resulting in esophageal and gastric varices.
With this backup of blood, also have acites, splenomegaly,
peripheral edema, anemia and low WBC/platelet (increased
blood cell destruction).
Treatment = medications to control HTN; diuretics to decrease
fluid retention and ascites; TIPS procedure to shunt blood
b) Spleen enlarges as blood shunted into splenic vein
- Blood cells destroyed =anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
Treatment = same as to treat portal HTN
Describe the following complications of cirrhosis in relation to
the pathophysiology, manifestations, and treatment of:
c) ascites & peripheral edema Correct Answer Ascites =
accumulation of plasma-rich fluid in the abdominal cavity
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