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NURS 1140 Final Exam study guide with complete guide
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NURS 1140 Final Exam study guide with complete guide
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NURS 1140 Final Exam study guide withcomplete guide
ANTI-GLAUCOMA DRUGS - ANS Drugs That Reduce Intraocular Pressure By Lowering The
Amount Of Aqueous Humor In The Eyeball, Reducing Its Production, Or Increasing Its Outflow
OPHTHALMIC CATEGORIES - ANS Cholinergic Drugs (Miotics)
Sympathomimetics (Mydriatics)
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
Carbonic Annhydrase Inhibitors
Prostaglandin Agonists
Lubricants and Moisturizers
Aminoglycosides
Macrolide Antibiotics
Polypeptide Antibiotics
Quinolone Antibiotics
Sulfonamides
Corticosteroid
Diagnostic Drugs= Cycloplegic Mydriatics
TYPES OF ANTI-GLAUCOMA DRUGS - ANS CHOLINERGIC DRUGS
SYMPATHOMIMETICS
BETA-ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS
OSMOTIC DIURETICS
PROSTAGLANDIN AGONISTS
CHOLINERGIC DRUGS - ANS These Drugs Are Motifs. They Are Agents That Stimulate
The Parasympathetic Nervous System In The Same Manner As Acetylcholine.
There Are Direct Acting And Indirect Acting Drugs.
INDIRECT ACTING MIOTICS - ANS ECHOTHIOPHATE
ECHOTHIOPHATE - ANS Organophosphate Cholinesterase Inhibitor: Less Lipid Soluble
Than Most Organophosphates; Used In Glaucoma. Longer Lasting - 7 To 28 Days.
DIRECT ACTING MIOTICS - ANS PILOCARPINE
CARBACHOL
ACETYLCHOLINE
ACETYLCHOLINE
,PILOCARPINE - ANS Direct Acting Cholinergic Drug
Indication-Primary Open Angled And Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma Or Ocular Hypertension
Increases Aqueous Humor Drainage And Decreases Intra-Ocular Pressure
Moa-Mimics Acetylcholine By Stimulating Cholinergic Receptors
Duration Of Action Pilocarpine= 4-8 Hours
Duration Of Action Acetylcholine=10 Min
Solution Or Gel
SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS - ANS Mydriatic Drug
Used For The Treatment Of Glaucoma And Ocular Hypertension.
They Mimic The Sympathetic Neurotransmitters Noepinephrine And Epinephrine.
TYPES OF SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS - ANS DIPIVEFRIN
APRACLONIDINE
DIPIVEFRIN - ANS AKA: Propine
APRACLONIDINE - ANS AKA: Iopidine
BETA-ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS - ANS An Ophthalmic Beta Blocker That Reduces Both
Elevated And Normal Intra-Ocular Pressure. They Reduce Intra-Ocular Pressure By Reducing
Aqueous Humor Formation.
TYPES OF BETA-ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS - ANS BETAXOLOL
TIMOLOL
BETAXOLOL - ANS AKA: Betoptic
Chronic Open-Angle Glaucoma, Ocular Htn
One Of The Most Potent And Selective Beta Blocking Drugs.
TIMOLOL - ANS AKA: Timoptic
This Beta Blocker Is The Only One That May Increase The Outflow Of Aqueous Humor As Well
As Decrease Its Formation. This Is Available In Gel And Liquid Form.
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS - ANS Treats Glaucoma By Decreasing Aqueous
Humor Production.
Only Available In Topical Ophthalmic Form. These Drugs Work By Inhibiting The Enzyme
Carbonic Anhydrase, Which Results In Decreased Intra-Ocular Pressure By Reducing Aqueous
Humor Formation. Primarily Used For Glaucoma.
TYPES OF CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITOR DRUGS - ANS BRINZOLAMIDE
DORZOLAMIDE
BRINZOLAMIDE - ANS AKA: Azopt
, DORZOLAMIDE - ANS AKA: Trusopt
OSMOTIC DIURETIC - ANS This Category Of Drugs Are Administered Either Iv, Orally, Or
Topically To Reduce Intra-Ocular Pressure. This Is Done By Causing The Blood To Become
Hypertonic In Relation To Both Intra-Ocular And Spinal Fluids Creating An Osmotic Gradient
That Draws Water From The Aqueous And Vitreous Humors. This Causes A Reduction In The
Volume Of Intra-Ocular Fluid.
TYPES OF OSMOTIC DIURETIC DRUGS - ANS GLYCERIN
MANNITOL
GLYCERIN - ANS Used To Reduce Superficial Corneal Edema Or Pre And Post Operatively.
Lasts For 4-5 Hours
MANNITOL - ANS AKA: OSMITROL
IV INFUSION
This Is Used To Lower Intra-Ocular Pressure When Other Methods Do Not Work. Lasts For 6-8
Hours
PROSTAGLANDIN AGONIST - ANS The Newest Class Of Drugs Used To Treat Glaucoma.
These Work By Reducing Intra-Ocular Pressure By Increasing The Outflow Of Aqueous Humor.
A Single Does Lowers Intra-Ocular Pressure For 20-24 Hours.
TYPES OF PROSTAGLANDIN DRUGS - ANS LATANOPROST
LATANOPROST - ANS Only Available In Eyedrops Form.
ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS - ANS Some Common Eye Infections May Require Antibiotic
Therapy. The Choice Of Which Drug To Chose From This Category Is Based On Clinical
Experience, Sensitivity And Characteristics Of The Organisms Most Likely To Have Caused The
Infection, Characteristics Of The Disease Itself, Patients Response, And Lab Results.
METHOD OF ACTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS - ANS Topical Forms Work To Destroy
The Invading Organism. Some Work By Destroying The Organism And Some Inhibit Its Growth.
COMMON OCULAR INFECTIONS THAT MAY REQUIRE ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS - ANS
BLEPHARITIS
CONJUNCTIVITIS
HORDEOLUM (STY)
KERATITIS
UVEITIS
ENDOPHTHALMITIS
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