,1. Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with the
reward system affected by addictive substances?
- a) Serotonin
- b) GABA
- c) Dopamine
- d) Acetylcholine
Answer: c) Dopamine
Rationale: Dopamine is the key neurotransmitter
involved in the brain's reward system and is heavily
implicated in the mechanisms of substance abuse.
2. Which pathway is most commonly affected by drugs of
abuse, leading to addiction?
- a) Corticostriatal circuit
- b) Mesolimbic pathway
- c) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
- d) Prefrontal cortex
Answer: b) Mesolimbic pathway
Rationale: The mesolimbic pathway, often referred to
as the brain's reward circuit, is crucially involved in the
sensations of pleasure and reinforcement experienced
through drug use.
4. The process through which the body adapts to a drug,
requiring more of it to achieve the same effect is called
__________.
Answer: tolerance
Rationale: Tolerance is the physiological state where
increasing doses of a drug are required to achieve effects
initially produced by lower doses.
5. __________ is a treatment approach that focuses on
altering thought processes and behaviors related to
substance use.
Answer: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
Rationale: CBT helps individuals identify and modify
the thinking and behavior patterns that contribute to their
substance abuse.
## True/False
6. Withdrawal symptoms are identical across all substances
of abuse.
Answer: False
Rationale: Withdrawal symptoms can vary significantly
depending on the substance, ranging from anxiety and
agitation to severe physical symptoms.
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