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NURS 1140 Pharm test guide newest review

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NURS 1140 Pharm test guide newest review

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  • October 9, 2024
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  • NURS 1140 Pharm
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NURS 1140 Pharm test guide newest
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drug - ANS any chemical that affects the physiologic processes of a living organism

pharmacology - ANS study of drugs

drug therapy - ANS biological therapy that uses medications

diet therapy - ANS treatment with a special diet (low salt for patients with cardiovascular
disease)

physiotherapy - ANS treatment with physical forces from nature, like water light or heat

psychological therapy - ANS the identification of stressors and methods that can be used to
reduce or eliminate stress

chemical name - ANS Describes the drug's chemical composition and molecular structure

generic name - ANS nonproprietary name of a drug assigned by the government (United
States Adopted Names Council)

trade name - ANS Proprietary name of a drug assigned by the manufacturer; also called the
brand name or product name; drug has registered trademark, use of name restricted by drug's
patent owner (usually manufacturer)

Diarrhea - ANS passage of stool with abnormally increased frequency, fluidity

diarrhea causes - ANS medication side affects, viruses, diet

constipation - ANS abnormal infrequent & difficult passage of feces through lower GI tract

constipation cause - ANS side effects of meds, overly sedentary lives, diet (not enough fiber)

peristalsis - ANS muscular contractions in intestines and colon that moves food along;
involuntary

antidiarrheal medications - ANS adsorbents
anticholinergics
opiates

,probiotics and intestinal flora modifiers

antidiarrheal mnemonic - ANS All (adsorbents)
Animals (anticolinergics)
Openly (opiates)
Poop (probiotics

Adsorbents - ANS coat wall of GI tract ->
cause bacteria/ toxin to bind to adsorbent surface->
cause harmful substance to leave body

mech of action - ANS how medicine works in body to produce desired affects

anticolinergics - ANS 1) reduce the rhythmic peristalsis movement of intestines -> decreased
movement
2) reduce gastric secretions -> cause drying effect

opiates - ANS 1) increase the transit time of food through the bowel -> reduce bowel motility
-> increases absorptions of fluids from intestines
2) reduce the intestinal and rectal pain from diarrhea

probiotics/intestinal modifiers - ANS 1) replenish the guts normal bacterial flora -> helps
suppress the growth of bad "diarrhea causing" bacteria
2) used with antibiotics

Laxative medications - ANS bulk-forming
emollient
hyper-osmotic
saline
stimulant
peripherally acting opioid antagonists

laxatives: mush - ANS emollient
hyper-osmotic
saline

laxatives: push - ANS bulk-forming stimulant
peripherally acting opioid antagonists

mush - ANS softening the stool

push - ANS stimulating the intestines

bulk-forming laxatives - ANS function like fiber in the diet

, absorb water into intestine -> increase bulk and distend bowel -> cause reflect bowel activity ->
bowel movement

emollient laxatives - ANS stool softeners/lubricants
1) lower surface tension of gi fluids -> more water/fat are absorbed into stool -> easier to have
bowel movement
2) lubricate fecal matter/intestines -> prevent reabsorption of water in intestines -> water softens
stool -> causes bowel distention/peristalsis -> bowel movement

hyper-osmotic laxatives - ANS increase fecal water content -> cause bowel distention ->
bowel movement

saline laxatives - ANS enema
inhibits water absorptions -> increased osmotic pressure in small absorption -> increased water
and saline into bowel -> watery stool -> bowel movement

stimulant laxatives - ANS 1) stimulate nerves that innervate the intestines -> increased
peristalsis -> bowel movement
2) increase fluid in colon -> increase bulk of stool -> bowel movement

peripherally acting opioid antagonists - ANS constipation related to opioid use and bowel
resection surgery only
blocks entrance of opioid into bowel cells -> allows bowel to function normally

autonomic nervous system - ANS involuntary
controls internal organs

sympathetic n.s. - ANS fight or flight
fast
"survival functions speed up, secondary functions stop"

parasympathetic n.s. - ANS rest and digest
slow

acetylcholine - ANS neurotransmitter
parasympathetic n.s.
binds to cholinergic receptors

cholinergics - ANS activation of cholinergic receptors causes parasympathetic reaction (rest
and digest)
contraction of bladder = increased urinary elimination
parasympathommetics

anticholinergics - ANS anti cholinergic = anti acetylcholine

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