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NTR 419 Exam 1 2024_2025 fully solved & updated.
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NTR 419 Exam 1 2024_2025 fully solved & updated.
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NTR 419 Exam 1 2024/2025 fully solved &updated
Define "essential nutrients" - ANSWER-Nutrients that are necessary for life but
we can't make enough of them so we have to get them exogenously.
What are all the macronutrients? - ANSWER-1.)Water
2.)Protein
3.) Carbs
4.) Lipids
5.) Sterols
Why is water important and what are some ways you can lose water? - ANSWER-
Important because you can suffer from dehydration
Acute loss: exercise, vomiting, diarrhea, dieresis
Chronic loss: inadequate intake, decrease thirst sensistivity
What is protein status and why is it important? - ANSWER-The amount of protein
in the body and is important as a predictor of morbidity and mortality.
What is the golden standard amount of protein that should be in the body? -
ANSWER-No golden standard but serum albumin levels are most often used as a
marker for protein status.
What can happen if someone has low serum albumin status? - ANSWER-1.)
primary cause of morbidity and mortality because of low immune function
2.) secondary to something else; therefore is a marker
, Define "conditionally essential" - ANSWER-Non-essential that becomes essential
due to some condition
Define non-dietary amino acids . - ANSWER-Produced during amino acid
metabolism
What are some simple sugar monosaccharide carbohydrates? - ANSWER-1.)
Glucose
2.)Fructose
3.) Galactose
What are some simple sugar disaccharide carbohydrates? - ANSWER-1.) Lactose
2.) maltose
3.) Sucrose
Which carbohydrate is the most abundant monosaccharide? - ANSWER-Glucose
What are some functions of glucose? - ANSWER-1.) primary fuel for the brain and
CNS
2.) becomes primary fuel during acute stress
(all of which affects protein status)
What can happen if someone has excess dietary glucose? - ANSWER-1.)
Converted to glycogen: in the liver and sent to muscles for storage. Some stored
in the liver
2.) Converted to fat: in the liver and goes to adipose tissue for storage.
What is the fate of fructose in the body? - ANSWER-1.) can be metabolized by
some cells for energy
(must be converted to glucose or fat in the liver; concerns for high fructose corn
syrup)
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