NASM Behaviour Change Specialist Exam 2024

Which of the following is NOT considered a coaching communication competency? A. Establishing trust and rapport B. Providing answers to the client C. Asking appropriate questions D. Providing helpful examples - B. Providing answers to the client Which of the following is an appropriate application of the stages of change by a wellness professional? A. Selecting interventions to help progress the client through each stage B. Classifying the client by their stage of change for insurance purposes C. Deciding which type of exercise the client will find most enjoyable D. Determining how much time the professional should spend with the client - A. Selecting interventions to help progress the client through each stage Exercise imagery can function to enhance which of the following for the client? A. Efficacy B. Technique C. Feelings D. All of the above - D. All of the above The type of interpersonal influence where a client perceives the care that a wellness professional has for them refers to as: A. Normative influence B. Informative influence C. Technical influence D. Social support - D. Social support ** If a client is in the Pre-contemplation stage, what might the content of their journaling consist of? A. Very general thoughts and feelings around his or her every day life, noting moments of stress and happiness B. Thoughts and feelings about a recent relapse in behavior and strategies for improvement C. Very specific thoughts and feelings around his or her struggles with the nutritional and activity changes demanded of their program D. - A. Very general thoughts and feelings around his or her every day life, noting moments of stress and happiness What are three types of social influence? A. Social support, informative influences, and normative influences B. Physical activity and dietary guidelines, physician recommendations, and educational media C. Emotional support, instrumental support, and informational support D. Social bias, peer pressure, and social media - A. Social support, informative influences, and normative influences Having a client identify negative thoughts and extreme or absolute words is an effective intervention for which stage of change? A. Contemplation B. Preparation C. Pre-contemplation D. Action - A. Contemplation ** Ambivalence by the client can be best handled by the coach by: A. providing a specific exercise program to follow B. exploring the reason for ambivalence through a series of questions C. setting goals for what the client wants to achieve D. - B. exploring the reason for ambivalence through a series of questions The EAT acronym to describe a process of dealing with negative emotions stands for: A. Emotion - Automatic Problematic Thoughts - Time-out Thoughts B. Emotion - Automatic Problematic Thoughts - Turn-around Thoughts C. Expression - Automatic Problematic Thoughts - Time-out Thoughts D. Expression - Automatic Stressor Maintenance - Turn-around Thoughts - B. Emotion - Automatic Problematic Thoughts - Turn-around Thoughts ** An exerciser that is anxious and not confident about their ability to complete an exercise is experiencing a low amount of: A. self-efficacy B. self-awareness C. self-absorption D. self-centeredness - A. self-efficacy ** When asking the question "What would long-term success look like?" which sage of the OSCAR model of session flow is the coach currently in? A. Actions B. Outcome C. Situation D. Choices/Consequences - B. Outcome ** John, an office worker who is dissatisfied with his sedentary job, decides to schedule an introductory session with a personal trainer. Which stage is John in? A. Contemplation B. Action C. Pre-contemplation D. Preparation - B. Action Schemas are defined as: A. methods of restructuring irrational thoughts to match reality B. persistent irrational beliefs that are difficult to change C. scenarios or situations which evoke adaptive thought patterns D. thought systems which reflect a person's inner values - A. methods of restructuring irrational thoughts to match reality ** In assessing coaching effectiveness, the most important factor related to client satisfaction and self-improvement : A. the coach's knowledge B. the degree to which the client follows the coach's instructions C. the motivation of the client D. a trusting relationship with the coach - D. a trusting relationship with the coach Which of the following is a component of a successfully formulated goal? A. Has an open-ended timeframe B. Appears vague and undefined C. Distracts from the desired income D. Enhances the client's motivation - D. Enhances the client's motivation ** The effectiveness of behavior therapy in many different populations and settings has: A. been conclusively demonstrated by scientific reviews in scholarly journals, books, and book chapters. B. not yet been demonstrated in the scientific literature. C. been shown in a series of testimonials speaking to the effectiveness of behavior therapy techniques. D. received some limited support in the scientific literature but more research is necessary to demonstrate its effectiveness. - A. been conclusively demonstrated by scientific reviews in scholarly journals, books, and book chapters. ** The combined stages of change and multimodal screening matrix is: A. intended to focus on the personality factors that affect a client's decision to participate in an exercise program different developmental periods in his or her life. B. intended to provide health professionals with information regarding how significant others enter into the at different times to affect the client's desire to participate. C. intended to provide wellness professionals with background information on the reasons and causes for desire to participate in a fitness program. D. intended to prompt wellness professionals to consider the client's most influential factors related to behavior change as well as his or her readiness to change. - D. intended to prompt wellness professionals to consider the client's most influential factors related to behavior change as well as his or her readiness to change. The addition of a positive consequence after a desired behavior to increase the frequency of that behavior is referred to as: A. negative reinforcement B. punishment. C. positive reinforcement. D. response cost. - C. positive reinforcement. A training client that says "I don't think I can do that exercise well at all" is displaying a low level of: A. self-regulation. B. self-efficacy. C. modeling behavior. D. pre-contemplation. - B. self-efficacy. A client imagines himself with a smaller waist and more definition, he is using imagery to experience positive attitude regarding his: A. appearance. B. technique. C. exercise self-efficacy. D. golf score. - A. appearance. NASM refers to which organization's code of conduct as a standard of ethical behavior? A. International Wellness Coaches [IWC] B. American Psychological Associations [APA] C. American Therapist's Union [ATU] D. National Therapist Association [NTA] - B. American Psychological Associations [APA] ** Lazarus' multimodal screening model is especially helpful to fitness professionals because it can: A. screen potential clients based on a series of psychological and physiological tests to determine program B. screen potential clients so that the health professional would know if they were going to put in to achieve their goals C. identify biomechanical, motoric, physiological, psychological, and sociological factors affecting the of clients D. identify the greatest barrier to change and then the health professional can implement strategies to eliminated this barrier in the shortest amount of time - A. screen potential clients based on a series of psychological and physiological tests to determine program Which of the following is a benefit of adhering to a high standard of ethical and professional conduct? A. Increased customer satisfaction B. Reduced likelihood of lawsuits C. Increased credibility of the professional D. All of the above - D. All of the above In a particular weight control program, consistent self-monitors lost times more weight than inconsistent self-monitors. A. 64% B. 84% C. 94% D. 74% - A. 64% ** The main reason for using the transtheoretical [stages of change] model when dealing with exercise behavior is to: A. match the intervention to the specific stage in which the client is in currently. B. understand the reasons the client is participating in exercise in the first place. C. understand all of the barriers to exercise. D. provide a multimodal interdisciplinary approach to exercise adherence. - A. match the intervention to the specific stage in which the client is in currently. ** Often, coaches may work with clients from different cultural groups who have long-held traditions centered . How might the coach address healthy behavior change while remaining sensitive to multicultural differences? A. Refer the client to a coach of similar cultural background so that they may relate to better the client. B. Explain to the client why traditional cooking is detrimental to their goals of becoming healthier. C. Discuss how healthy behavior change can benefit their family and personal values. D. Suggest giving up their traditional high-calorie recipes for healthier options. - C. Discuss how healthy behavior change can benefit their family and personal values. ** Which example of a behavioral strategy would be the most appropriate for a client in the Pre-contemplation stage undertaking an exercise program? A. Replacing your current internet browser home page with one on healthy living B. Only being allowed to walk to your favorite restaurant C. Create a contract to walk 10,000 steps 4 out of 7 days a week D. Use stairs in the workplace whenever going three flights or less - A. Replacing your current internet browser home page with one on healthy living Identifying a specific type of exercise that the client has been avoiding and using relaxation to help the client avoiding the activity is appropriate for which stage of change? A. Preparation B. Action C. Contemplation D. Maintenance - A. Preparation ** Both Lazarus's multimodal assessment framework and the transtheoretical model of behavior change help well professionals determine: A. which therapist to select to be a part of the wellness team. B. which interventions they will use to promote healthy behaviors. C. the number of coaching sessions that will be scheduled. D. which flexibility exercises to program fro the client. - B. which interventions they will use to promote healthy behaviors. During an imagery training program, a client that is proficient at focusing their attention and performance during the imagery is skilled at: A. susceptibility. B. compatibility. C. liability. D. controllability. - D. controllability. Which of the following is an appropriate method for determining the effectiveness of their health behavior? A. The client reports that they are receiving plenty of social support. B. The client is progressing through the stages of change. C. The client is losing significant amounts of weight. D. The client is compliant with the coach during training sessions. - A. The client reports that they are receiving plenty of social support. The stage paradigm of change operates on a fundamentally different assumption that: A. no individuals are ready for change. B. all individuals are ready to change. C. the minority of individuals are not ready for change. D. the majority of individuals are not ready to change. - D. the majority of individuals are not ready to change. The dimensions of personality as identified by Lazarus' Multimodal Screening Model follow "BASIC ID" which stands for: A. Brain, Attributions, Situations, Integrative, Cognition, Individualized, Cognition, Interpersonal, and Drugs B. Behavior, Affect, Situations, Integrative, Cognition, Individualized, and Dynamic C. Behavior, Affect, Sensation, Imagery, Cognition, Interpersonal, and Drugs D. Behavior, Attributions, Senses, Integrative, Collateral, Independent, and Dynamic - C. Behavior, Affect, Sensation, Imagery, Cognition, Interpersonal, and Drugs For maximum effectiveness, it is important that the cognitive behavioral therapy technique be: A. matched to the client's stage of change. B. delivered in as short of a timeframe as possible. C. administered by a licensed professional. D. matched to the client's gender. - C. administered by a licensed professional. The EAT method is effective for learning to identify and restructure automatic problem thoughts. What does EAT stand for? A. Emotional, Automatic Problem Thoughts, Turn-Around Thoughts B. Early Recognition, Analysis of Problem, Thought Restructuring C. Entry Thought, Alternative Thinking, Transition D. Evidence-based Analysis, Autonomous Thinking, Testing - A. Emotional, Automatic Problem Thoughts, Turn-Around Thoughts Multiple relationships between a wellness professional and their client may NOT be an issue if: A. the wellness professional has successfully balanced multiple relationships previously B. other professionals know about the multiple relationships. C. a mutual agreement is discussed and decided upon. D. there is no reasonable risk of exploitation or harm. - C. a mutual agreement is discussed and decided upon. The range of activities performed by a professional based on his or her training and experience is : A. scope of ethics. B. boundaries of ethics. C. scope of practice. D. limits of profession. - C. scope of practice. When a coach offers "unconditional positive regard" to their client, this means that: A. coaches assume that clients are able to find a means to afford their services. B. clients willingly listen to their coach and agree follow everything the coach recommends without res C. clients understand that relationships can be adversarial and accept that change is comes at a price to D. benefit comes from the coach's expectation that clients have the capacity to grow and find the answers they need within themselves - D. benefit comes from the coach's expectation that clients have the capacity to grow and find the answers they need within themselves. A specific type of positive reinforcement technique where an unlikely behavior is reinforced by pairing it with a common behavior is referred to as: A. Premacking B. Landmarking C. Hyperbole D. Unsettling - A. Premacking Which of the following is an example of a sabotaging social influence on a weight loss client? A. A spouse that brings home pastries every week B. A co-worker that works out at lunch with you C. Walking the dog every day with your spouse D. A text message from a friend encouraging your progress - A. A spouse that brings home pastries every week An attitude that dismisses or discounts an older adult's ability to change because older people don't change is called: A. normative influence. B. an informative bias. C. a social bias. D. peer pressure. - C. a social bias. The most effect goal setting strategy with respect to goal proximity is to: A. set only short-term goals. B. set only 24 hour goals. C. set only long-term goals. D. set both long- and short-term goals. - D. set both long- and short-term goals. The number one reason that coaches give for participating in a coaching relationship is to: A. improve motivation and commitment. B. increase self-esteem and self-confidence. C. expand professional career opportunities. D. optimize individual or teamwork performance. - D. optimize individual or teamwork performance. The PETTLEP model serves to describe: A. how to reduce the likelihood that imagery matches the setting of the desired performance. B. how to make imagery more effective from only the perspective an athlete. C. how imagery can be overdone and actually reduce performance in real life settings. D. how to make imagery as "functionally equivalent" as possible to real-life performance. - D. how to make imagery as "functionally equivalent" as possible to real-life performance. Which term is most appropriate to describe the information gathering process used by wellness professional coaching behavior? A. Screening B. Judgement C. Analysis D. Assessment - D. Assessment The thought "If I don't lose weight, everyone will think I'm a failure" is an example of: A. a rational statement. B. a repressed emotion. C. an irrational belief. D. a spontaneous motivator. - C. an irrational belief. Within the coach's scope of practice, it is appropriate to: A. recommend prescription drug interventions. B. focus on present behavior. C. analyze a client's childhood. D. provide behavior therapy. - B. focus on present behavior. Which theory explains the process by which the imagery of a motor skill facilitates learning it by neuromuscular signals? A. Psychoneuromuscular theory B. Sarcoplasmic reticular theory C. Acetylcholine theory D. Neuromuscular efficiency theory - A. Psychoneuromuscular theory A client imagining what it feels like to take their fitness to the next level after having been training with you months is in what stage of change? A. Preparation B. Maintenance C. Pre-contemplation D. Contemplation - D. Contemplation