OCEMS Pharmacology - Drug Guide Questions With Answers Graded A+ Assured Success
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OCEMS Pharmacology - Drug
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OCEMS Pharmacology - Drug
Adenosine ped dose - ️️BASE HOSPITAL ORDER: 0.2mg/kg rapid IVP in a port
closest to patient followed by a rapid 5ml NS flush; may repeat with 0.2mg/kg rapid IVP
in 2 minutes if tachycardia persists
Adenosine side effects - ️️Chest pain/pressure,
Hypotension,
Transient PAC/PVCs,
Transi...
OCEMS Pharmacology - Drug Guide
Adenosine ped dose - ✔️✔️BASE HOSPITAL ORDER: 0.2mg/kg rapid IVP in a port
closest to patient followed by a rapid 5ml NS flush; may repeat with 0.2mg/kg rapid IVP
in 2 minutes if tachycardia persists
Adenosine Mech of Action - ✔️✔️Depress automaticity in sinus node and Purkinje
fibers
Slows AV conduction and interrupts reentry pathways thru AV node
Immed onset w/ duration less than 10 sec
Adenosine contraindications - ✔️✔️Known adenosine hypersensitivity, 2nd or 3rd
degree AV block w/o functioning pacemaker
Adenosine dosage form - ✔️✔️3mg/1ml (12mg/4ml prefill)
Adenosine adult dose - ✔️✔️12mg rapid IVP in a port closest to patient followed by
rapid 10ml NS flush; may repeat 12 mg rapid IVP once after 3 minutes if tachycardia >/=
150 persists
Adenosine Precautions/comments - ✔️✔️Start IV in AC vein
Drug is metabolized in 10 seconds
Must flush by injecting the NS flush, running the IV wide open is not an adequate flush
History of "sick sinus" syndrome, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block without pacemaker
**reactive airway disease (asthma/COPD) may have bronchospasm
,Does not convert atrial flutter or fibrillation;
Persantine (Dipyridamole) and Tegretol can cause a heart block-need to use a lower
dose
Due to denervation of heart, use with extreme caution in cardiac transplant recipients -
may have persistent asystole
Theophylline preparations can render adenosine ineffective, may need a higher dose
If SBP <90, s/s of cardiac ischemia or poor perfusion including associated chest pain,
shortness of breath, pulmonary congestion or congestive heart failure, hypotension or
shock, altered skins or decreased capillary refill use cardioversion before drug therapy
Albuterol Classification - ✔️✔️Bronchodilator
Albuterol Mech of Action - ✔️✔️Stimulates beta adrenergic receptors; beta-2 effects
(bronchodilation) dominating over beta-1 effects (inc HR); relaxation of airway smooth
muscle with subsequent bronchodilation
Albuterol Indications - ✔️✔️Asthma/COPD; bronchospasm/wheezing/smoke inhalation;
Crush injury-potassium control
Albuterol Contraindications - ✔️✔️None
Albuterol Dosage form - ✔️✔️3.0 ml (2.5mg) of 0.083% solution unit dose; 90mcg MDI
Albuterol Adult dose - ✔️✔️6ml (5mg) continuous nebulization as tolerated
Albuterol Ped dose - ✔️✔️6ml (5mg) continuous nebulization as tolerated
Albuterol Side Effects - ✔️✔️Palpitations
Tachycardia
Nausea
Nervousness
Amiodarone Dosage form - ✔️✔️50mg in a 1ml solution; prefills and vials
Amiodarone Adult dose - ✔️✔️V-Fib: 300mg IV/IO, may repeat with 150mg once in ~3
minutes (MAX = 450mg)
Unstable Wide Complex Tachycardia With Pulse, if cardioversion unsuccessful: 150mg
slow IV, allow to circulate for 2 minutes may repeat once after ~3 minutes and after 2nd
attempt of cardioversion (MAX = 300mg)
BASE HOSP ORDER: Automatic Implanted Cardiac Defibrillator (AICD) is in place and
discharges >/= 2 firings in 15 minutes: 150mg slow IV (hold if allergic to or presently
taking Amiodarone)
Amiodarone Ped dose - ✔️✔️V-Fib: 5mg/kg IV/IO, may repeat 5mg/kg IV/IO in 5
minutes and 10 minutes
BASE HOSP ORDER: Wide Complex Tachycardia without a pulse
Amiodarone Side Effects - ✔️✔️Worsening of arrhythmias
CHF
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Heart blocks
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