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A LEVEL AQA PSYCHOLOGY PAPER 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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A LEVEL AQA PSYCHOLOGY PAPER 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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A LEVEL AQA PSYCHOLOGY PAPER2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What ois othe onervous osystem? o- o✔✔A ospecialised onetwork oof ocells oin othe ohuman
obody oand ois oour oprimary ocommunication osystem.
What oare othe otwo omain ofunctions oof othe onervous osystem? o- o✔✔To ocollect,
oprocess oand orespond oto oinformation oin othe oenvironment
To ocoordinate othe oworking oof odifferent oorgans oand ocells
What ois othe oCNS? oWhat ois oit omade oup oof? o- o✔✔Central oNervous oSystem. o
Passes omessages oto oand ofrom othe obrain oand oconnects onerves oto othe oPNS. o
Made oup oof othe obrain oand othe ospinal ocord.
What ois othe ospinal ocord oresponsible ofor? o- o✔✔reflex oactions
What ois othe oPNS? o- o✔✔Peripheral oNervous oSystem.
Transmits omessages ovia oneurons, oto oand ofrom othe ocentral onervous osystem.
What otwo osubsystems ois othe oPNS odivided ointo? o- o✔✔Somatic onervous osystem
oand othe oautonomic onervous osystem.
What ois othe osomatic onervous osystem? o- o✔✔It ois othe opart oof othe oPNS othat ois
oresponsible ofor ocarrying osensory oand omotor oinformation oto oand ofrom othe ospinal
ocord.
What ois othe oautonomic onervous osystem? o- o✔✔It ogoverns ovital ofunctions oin othe
obody osuch oas obreathing, oheart orate, odigestion, osexual oarousal oand ostress
oresponses.
What otwo osubsystems ois othe oANS odivides ointo? o- o✔✔Sympathetic onervous
osystem oand othe oparasympathetic osystem.
What ois othe oendocrine osystem? o- o✔✔It oinstructs oglands oto orelease ohormones
odirectly ointo othe obloodstream.
Outline ohow othe ofight oor oflight oresponse oworks. o- o✔✔-Stressor ois operceived,
ohypothalamus otriggers oactivity oin othe osympathetic obranch oof othe oautonomic
onervous osystem. o
,-ANS ochanges ofrom oits onormal oresting ostate oto othe ophysiologically oaroused,
osympathetic ostate. o
-Adrenaline ois oreleased ofrom othe oadrenal ogland ointo othe obloodstream.
-Adrenaline otriggers ophysiologically ochanges oin othe obody owhich ocreates othe
ophysiological oarousal onecessary ochanges ofor othe ofight oor oflight oresponse. o
-Threat opasses, othen othe oparasympathetic onervous osystem oreturns othe obody oto oits
oresting ostate. oReverses othe oactions oof othe osympathetic osystem oas othey oare
oantagonistic.
What oare omotor oneurons? o- o✔✔These oconnect othe oCNS oto oeffectors osuch oas
omuscles oand oglands. oThey ohave oshort odendrites oand olong oaxons.
What oare osensory oneurons? o- o✔✔These ocarry omessages ofrom othe oPNS oto othe
oCNS. oThey ohave olong odendrites oand oshort oaxons.
What oare orelay oneurons? o- o✔✔These oconnect othe osensory oneurons oto othe omotor
oor oother orelay oneurons. oThey ohave oshort odendrites oand oshort oaxons.
How oare osignals otransmitted owithin oneurons? o- o✔✔Electrically.
How oare osignals obetween oneurons otransmitted? o- o✔✔Chemically oby osynaptic
otransmission.
What oare oneurotransmitters? o- o✔✔Chemicals othat odiffuse oacross othe osynapse oto
othe onext oneuron oin othe ochain.
What ois oaction opotential? oWhen odoes oit ooccur? o- o✔✔Action opotential ois oan
oexplosion oof oelectrical oactivity. oIt ooccurs owhen oa oneuron osends oinformation odown
oan oaxon, oaway ofrom othe obody.
What odoes oexcitation omean? o- o✔✔When oa oneurotransmitter, osuch oas oadrenaline,
oincreases othe opositive ocharge oof othe opostsynaptic oneuron. oThis oincreases othe
olikelihood othat othe oneuron owill ofire oand opass oon othe oelectrical oimpulse.
What odoes oinhibition omean? o- o✔✔When oa oneurotransmitter, osuch oas oserotonin,
omakes othe ocharge oof othe opostsynaptic oneuron omore onegative. oThis odecreases
othe olikelihood othat othe oneuron owill ofire oand opass oon othe oelectrical oimpulse.
What ois othe oprocess oof osynaptic otransmission? o- o✔✔-Nerve oimpulse otravels odown
oan oaxon. o
-Nerve oimpulse oreaches osynaptic oterminal.
-This otriggers othe orelease oof oneurotransmitters.
-The oneurotransmitters oare ofired ointo othe osynaptic ogap.
-Neurotransmitters obind owith oreceptors oon othe odendrite oof othe oadjacent oneuron. o
-If osuccessfully otransmitted, othe oneurotransmitter ois otaken oup oby othe opost-synaptic
oneuron. o
, -The omessage owill ocontinue.
What ois oBroca's oarea oresponsible ofor? o- o✔✔Responsible ofor oconverting othought
ointo ospeech- ospeech oproduction.
What ocan ohappen oif othe oBroca's oarea ois odamaged? o- o✔✔Broca's oaphasia-
odifficulty oproducing ofluent ospeech, ospeech ois oslow oand oeffortful. oSpeech ohas
omissing owords oleading oto opoor ogrammar.
What ois oWernicke's oarea oresponsible ofor? o- o✔✔Language ocomprehension.
What ohappens oif othe oWernicke's oarea ois odamaged? o- o✔✔Wernicke's oaphasia-
oDifficulty ounderstanding ospeech oor owritten olanguage, ospeech osounds ofluent obut
olacks omeaning/nonsense owords.
What ois othe omotor ocortex oresponsible ofor? o- o✔✔voluntary omotor omovements
What omay ohappen oif othe omotor ocortex ois odamaged? o- o✔✔Loss oof omuscle
ofunction. oAfter osevere otrauma, oparalysis ois opossible. o
This ooccurs oon othe oopposite oside oof othe obody oto othe odamage oto ocontralaterality.
What ois othe osomatosensory ocortex oresponsible ofor? o- o✔✔Responsible ofor
oreceiving osense oimpressions ofrom oaround othe obody.
What omay ohappen oif othe osomatosensory ocortex ois odamaged? o- o✔✔Loss oof
osensation, oignoring oareas oof othe obody, oloss oof oability oin orecognising oobjects oby
otheir ofeel. o
Effects oare oon oopposite oside oto odamage.
What ois othe oauditory ocortex oresponsible ofor? o- o✔✔Receives oand oprocesses osound
oinformation ofrom oears.
What omay ohappen oif othe oauditory ocortex ois odamaged? o- o✔✔cortical odeafness.
oPatient ois ounable oto ohear, obut othere ois ono odamage oto othe ostructure oof othe oear.
What ois othe ovisual ocortex oresponsible ofor? o- o✔✔Receives oinformation ofrom othe
ocontralateral ovisual ofield.
What omay ohappen oif othe ovisual ocortex ois odamaged? o- o✔✔Leads oto opartial oor
ocomplete oloss oof ovision ocalled ocortical oblindness. oDamage oto oone ocortex ocan
olead oto oloss oof ovision oin othe oopposite ovisual ofield.
Define olateralisation. o- o✔✔The odominance oof oone ohemisphere oof othe obrain ofor
oparticular ophysical oand opsychological ofunctions.
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