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AQA A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY PAPER 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS.
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AQA A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY PAPER 1QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Hypothesis i- i✔✔A iprediction iabout ithe iresults
Alternate ihypothesis i- i✔✔Suggests ia itestable ilink ibetween ivariables
One itailed i(directional) ihypothesis i- i✔✔Predicts ithe idifference ibetween ithe igroups iin
iyour iexperiment iand ipredicts iwhich igroup iwill ido ibetter
Two itailed i(non idirectional) ihypothesis i- i✔✔This ipredicts ia idifference ibut idoes inot
isay iwhich igroup iwill ido ibetter
Independent iVariable i- i✔✔variable ithat iis imanipulated
dependent ivariable i- i✔✔What iis imeasured i(the iresult iof ithe ichange)
Operationalised ihypothesis i- i✔✔Defining iprecisely ihow iyou iintend ito imeasure ithe iDV
iand ialter ithe iconditions iof ithe iIV
Extreneous iVariables i- i✔✔All iother iaspects iof ithe iexperimental isetting ithat imay ihave
ian iinfluence ion ithe idependent ivariable.
environmental i/ isituational ifactors i- i✔✔this iis ianything iabout ithe ienvironment
i(external ito iparticipants) iwhich imight iaffect itheir iperformance
Lack iof istandardisation iwithin ia iprocedure i- i✔✔A iway ian iextraneous ivariable ican
ioccur, iif idifferent igroups iexperience idifferent iinstructions, iare igiven idifferent istimuli,
ior iif iany ipart iof itheir iexperience iis idifferent ito ithat iof iother iparticipants iin iother
igroups ithis ican ilead ito iinvalid iresults.
Participant ivariables i- i✔✔these iare ianything ispecific ito ithe iindividual iwhich imay
iaffect ithe iresults
Demand icharacteristics i- i✔✔this iis iwhen iparticipant iform ian iidea iabout ithe ipurpose
iof ithe istudy, iif ithey ithink ithey iknow iwhat ikind iof iresponse ithe iresearcher iis iexpecting
, ifrom ithem, ithey imight ishow ia iresponse ito iplease ithe iresearcher i(or ido icomplete
iopposite iand iruin iresults)
Researcher ibias i- i✔✔The iresearcher's iexpectations ican iinfluence ihow ithey idesign
itheir istudy iand ibehave itowards iparticipants. iThis imay iproduce idemand
icharacteristics ior iinfluence ihow ithey ianalyse itheir iresults
Validity i- i✔✔refers ito iwhether isomething itests ior imeasures iwhat iit iset iout ito ido
Internal ivalidity i- i✔✔Refers ito iwhether ia istudy ihas imeasured ito iwhat iit ihas iintended
ito imeasure
Face ivalidity i- i✔✔if isomething ilooks iright ior imakes isense iit iwould ibe ithat iway
Concurrent ivalidity i- i✔✔the idegree ito iwhich ithe imeasures igathered ifrom ione itool
iagree iwith ithe imeasures igathered ifrom iother iassessment itechniques. i(Do iother
irelevant imeasures iget isame iresults ias iyours?)
External ivalidity i- i✔✔The iextent ito ihow iwe ican igeneralise ithe ifindings ibeyond
iresearch isituation
Ecological ivalidity i- i✔✔how ifar ithe iresults iand iconclusions iof ithe istudy ican ibe
iapplied ito ireal ilife
Population ivalidity i- i✔✔Concerns ithe iresearch ipopulation iand iwhether iwe ican
igeneralise ifrom ithem ito iother ipeople
Temporal ivalidity i- i✔✔concerns ihow irelevant ithe itime iperiod iis iin iaffecting ithe
ifindings
Reliability i- i✔✔Consistency iof iresults, iif iyou irepeat ithe isame istudy ior itest, isame itype
iof ipeople ithen iyou ishould iget isame iresults
Internal ireliability i- i✔✔The iextent ito iwhich ia imeasure iis iconsistent iwithin iitself. iFor
iexample iif ia iquestionnaire ito ihave ihigh iinternal ireliability iall iof iits iquestions ishould ibe
iassessing ithe isame ithing
External ireliability i- i✔✔The iextent ito iwhich ia imeasure ivaries iover itime. iSame iresults
iproduced ieach itime ithe itst iis iused iwith ithe isame iperson
Inter-rater ireliability i- i✔✔the iextent ito iwhich ia idata icollection itool iused iby ia igroup iof
iobservers iproduces isimilar idata
Debrief i- i✔✔After icompleting ithe iexperiment ithe iresearcher iwill ifully iexplain ithe
istudy. iIt iis iparticularly iimportant iwhen iuninformed iconsent, ior ideception ihas ioccurred.
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