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AQA A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY PAPER 2 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS.
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AQA A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY PAPER 2QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
When edid epsychology eemerge?
What e3 ethings ehad ehappened eby ethe eend eof ethe e19th eCentury? e- e✔✔- eThe e19th
eCentury ewhen ephilosophers, ephysiologists eand ephysicians eapplied ethe escientific
emethod eto estudy ethe emind.
1) ePsychology ebecame edefined eas e'the escience eof emental elife, eboth eof eits
ephenomena eand etheir econditions'.
2) eIntrospection ewas edeveloped eto eexpose ethe emind eto escientific eresearch.
3) eFirst eexperimental epsychology elabs eappeared ein euniversities.
Who eis eclassed eas ethe efather eof eexperimental epsychology? e- e✔✔- eWundt, eopened
ethe efirst epsychology elab ein eGermany eand edeveloped eintrospection eas ea emethod
eof estudying ethe emind.
- eFirst eperson eto ebe ecalled ea epsychologist.
Define e'introspection'. e- e✔✔- eThe efirst esystematic eexperimental eattempt eto estudy
ethe emind eby ebreaking eup eawareness einto ebasic estructures eof ethoughts, eimages
eand esensations.
- eThis eisolation eis ecalled estructuralism.
What eis eWundt's econtribution eto epsychology? e- e✔✔1) eWrote ethe efirst epsychology
etextbook.
2) eSet eup ethe efirst eexperimental epsychology elab.
3) eUsed ethe escientific emethod eto estudy ethe estructure eof esensation eand eperception.
4) eShowed ethat eintrospection ecould ebe eused eto estudy emental estates.
What eis ea estrength eand ea elimitation eof eWundt's emethods? e- e✔✔- eStrength: eSome
eof ehis emethods eare escientific, erecorded ethe eintrospections ein ea econtrolled elab
eenvironment, ealso eused estandardised eprocedures.
- eLimitation: eSome easpects eof ehis eresearch eare enot escientific, erelied eon
eparticipants eself-reporting etheir e'private' emental eprocesses, esubjective edata eand
ecannot eestablish egeneral eprinciples.
In eterms eof epsychology eemerging eas ea escience, ewhat ekey ethings ehappened ein ethe
e1900s? e- e✔✔- eEarly ebehaviourists e(e.g. eWatson;1913) erejected eintrospection eas eit
eis esubjective, ethey ealso eargued ethat epsychology eshould eonly estudy ephenomena
ethat ecan ebe eobserved eand emeasured.
, In eterms eof epsychology eemerging eas ea escience, ewhat ekey ethings ehappened ein ethe
e1930s? e- e✔✔- eBehaviourist escientific eapproach edominated epsychology.
- eSkinner e(1953) ebrought enatural esciences' eideologies eto epsychology.
In eterms eof epsychology eemerging eas ea escience, ewhat ekey ethings ehappened ein ethe
e1950s? e- e✔✔- eCognitive eapproach eused escientific eprocedures eto estudy emental
eprocesses.
- ePsychologists estarted eto euse einference eto estudy emental eprocesses.
In eterms eof epsychology eemerging eas ea escience, ewhat ekey ethings ehappened ein ethe
e1990s? e- e✔✔- eBiological eapproach eintroduced etechnological eadvances einto etheir
eresearch.
- ee.g. efMRI, eEEG eand eadvanced egenetic eresearch.
Evaluate ethe eview ethat epsychology ecan ebe escientific. e- e✔✔- eModern epsychology
ecan eclaim eto ebe escientific, ehas ethe esame eaims eas ethe enatural esciences, emost
eapproaches erely eon escientific emethodology.
- eNot eall eapproaches euse escientific emethods, ehumanistic eapproach eis eanti-scientific
eand efocuses eon esubjective eexperience, epsychodynamic eapproach euses ecase
estudies.
Outline ethe eBehaviourist eapproach. e- e✔✔- eOne eof ethe e2 elearning eapproaches.
- eFocuses eon ebehaviour ethat ecan ebe eobserved eand emeasured.
- eShould eestablish elaws eof ebehaviour.
- eFocus eon ehighly econtrolled elab estudies eand ethe euse eof enon-human eanimals eas
eexperimental esubjects.
What eis eclassical econditioning? e- e✔✔- eLearning ethrough eassociation.
- ePavlov: econditioning edogs eto esalivate.
- eHe eshowed ehow ea eneutral estimulus e(bell) ecan ecome eto eelicit ea enew elearned
eresponse ethrough eassociation.
What eis eoperant econditioning? e- e✔✔- eLearning eis ean eactive eprocess ewhereby
ehumans eand eanimals eoperate eon etheir eenvironment.
- eBehaviour eis emaintained eand eshaped eby eits econsequences.
- eSkinner eboxes eresearch: eWhen ea erat/pigeon eactivated ea elever eit ewas erewarded
ewith ea efood epellet, eif ethe eanimal epressed ethe elever eand egot ean eelectric eshock ethe
ebehaviour ewas enot erepeated.
What eare ethe ethree etypes eof econsequences eof ebehaviour eaccording eto ethe
ebehaviourist eapproach? e- e✔✔1) ePositive ereinforcement- ereceiving ea ereward ewhen
ebehaviour eis eperformed e(press elevel= efood).
2) eNegative ereinforcement- ewhen ean eanimal eor ehuman eproduces ebehaviour ethat
eavoids esomething eunpleasant e(avoids epressing ethe elever eto eavoid eshock).
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